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Prickly ash revisited

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Just a brief information pointer further to my March review of Mitch Cullin's Sherlock Holmes novel A Slight Trick of the Mind: the linguistics weblog Language Log has a very good post and discussion of the "prickly ash" that's central to one of the main threads of the book.

One of the main stories in A Slight Trick of the Mind springs from the elderly Sherlock Holmes's correspondence with a Mr Umezaki concerning prickly ash ("or, as it was called in Japanese, hire sansho") and his expedition to Shimonoseki to seek a specimen and try the cuisine for its supposed longevity-enhancing properties. The seeds are used as a condiment known as Sichuan pepper, which has an unusual pungent yet numbing effect (Holmes has written a monograph on royal jelly that features "Further Comment Upon the Health Benefits of Prickly Ash" - a nice authorial allusion to Holmes's well-known monograph on types of cigar ash).

Anyhow, I see that the linguistics weblog Language Log has a current post by Professor Victor Mair (LL's resident expert on Chinese language and literature) with extensive discussion of prickly ash terminology and cuisine, spinning off from explanation of a rather strange menu item. See Wonton in Zanthoxylum schinifolium etzucc sauce.

- Ray

Coelacanth and the tiger scene

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A celebration of a classic movie scene. I don't follow dance as an artform, but this evening Clare was watching the BBC Four Young Dancer competition, and I overheard from my office some music that was very familiar and evocative. It accompanied the duet by Jacob O'Connell and Jason Mabana performed for the Contemporary Final. It took a few minutes to place it - or, it turned out, to place what it was so strongly recalling.


There's no sign of what the piece from the first segment of the dance is called, but it strongly resembles - it's even in the same key - Coelacanth, from the 1985 album Oil and Gold by the British alternative rock band Shriekback. I've no idea if the Young Dancer piece, which features ethnic vocals, is a cover, a homage, coincidence, or what. For comparison:



Movie enthusiasts will recognise Coelacanth as the track behind a classic segment of the 1986 Manhunter - the first film version, directed by Michael Mann, of Thomas Harris's novel Red Dragon. This is the powerful scene in which the serial murderer Francis Dolarhyde takes the blind photographic bureau employee Reba McClane to a zoo's veterinary surgery to explore with her hands a tiger anaesthetised for dental treatment. It's a defining scene of the film, in which Dolarhyde - temporarily freed by Reba's blindness from the visually-related triggers to his insanity - shows his human side in an astoundingly creative and sensitive gift. This makes it also a defining moment of the portrayal of Dolarhyde as a great tragic figure.



I've always rated Manhunter highly as a film, and I still think it's much superior in style and atmosphere to the 2002 remake, Red Dragon. As to Dolarhyde in the latter, Ralph Fiennes is an excellent actor, but he portrays Dolarhyde with a lack of affect, unlike Tom Noonan in the original, who leaves us in no doubt, in the tiger scene and the one where Reba spends the night with him, what a tortured character Dolarhyde is. According to Wikipedia, Manhunter's director Michael Mann was a fan of Shriekback, and this accounts for three of the band's tracks appearing in the film: Coelacanth, This Big Hush, and Evaporation.  It's further backed with tracks by other rock bands not well-known: The Prime Movers, Red 7, The Reds, and Iron Butterfly. It was a film made with the courage to be distinctive.

A commenter to the tiger video, Pristine S., suggests that the scene is "an extraordinary literary hat tip" to the blind writer Jorge Luis Borges, who recalled seeing a tiger as one of his early visual memories. It may or may not be intentional, and it's not in the book. Unlike Borges, Reba has never seen a tiger:
"Did you ever look at a tiger?"
She was glad he could ask the question. "No. I remember a puma when I was little. That's all they had at the zoo in Red Door. I think we better talk about this."
- Thomas Harris, Red Dragon, 1981

The tiger I remember was one of the first things I saw in my life. I remember that I was going to the zoo. that I didn't see other animals … I felt drawn to tigers, those first things I saw in life. Later came years of myopia, years of blindness, but there was one color that survived. It was the color yellow. And that's why I entitled a book. The Gold of the Tigers.
- Jorge Luis Borges: Conversations, Jorge Luis Borges, ed. Richard Burgin, Univ. Press of Mississippi, 1998
But it's a nice literary connection nonetheless.

- Ray

Lyon's Holt well revealed

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A railway station clean-up last year revealed a relatively unsung piece of Exeter local history. At St James Park station, Exeter, if you look to the left from the Exeter-bound train, you can see by the platform 1 access steps a little brick building marking the site of one of Exeter's most important ancient wells.



The Avocet Line Rail Users Group put up a quite low-key announcement poster in September 2014 ...
St James Park
Station Manager Melanie Harvey has arranged for St James Park to have a professional trim to remove brambles, long grass and buddleia.  This has lightened up the waiting shelter on platform 1 and revealed a brick structure by the steps. This was built in 1859 when the railway was built to cover one of Exeter's ancient wells. The station is in Well Street, named after the large number of wells nearby.
- What's new - September 2014, Avocet Line Rail Users Group
... which I think underplays the importance of what turns out to be a veryinteresting Exeter historical site.

First, a brief rundown on historical context. Exeter is built on the brow of a hill to the east of the River Exe, and it's well known on the local history circuit that it got its water supply largely from springs and wells on the slightly higher ground to the east and north-east, outside the then city walls. The supply was copious, feeding the 'Great Conduit', a massive and ornate public fountain at the top of Exeter High Street. The Great Conduit was demolished in the 1770s, and its supply locations have largely been buried under 19th century development, but evidence remains in the form of 'Underground Passages' near Exeter Cathedral - part of the former aqueduct system - and place names such as St Sidwell's and Well Street.

National Library of Scotland Map Images
Low-resolution screenshot for non-commercial illustration purposes
Click here for high-res comparison images
The location of interest here is directly to the west of the present St James Park football stadium: a place known successively as Headwell Mead (or Hedwell / Mede), and subsequently Lyon's Holt, Lion's Holt, and now St James Park.

Headwell Mead was pasture outside the city, and pretty obviously the original well-head is now a 'virtual location' now up in thin air at the level of the original terrain before the railway route was cut. Apparently it was a little stone well-house with some kind of syphon system; the Underground Passages display has a model "based on one situated at Headwell Mead".

According to Exeter Memories, Lions/Lyons Holt appears on maps from 1795 and is named after the landowner EP Lyon, who checks out in regional street accounts:
In Pester-Field stands DEVONSHIRE-PLACE, with an eligible entrance from Lyon’s Holt, leading round to St. Sidwell’s. Ascending the hill ... On the left, Waterloo Cottage, built by Mr. John Cooke, in honor of that victory. And a recently erected mansion, with plantations, of E. P. Lyon, Esq.
- page 83, The Exeter Itinerary and General Directory, June 1828
Various asides: "Pester-Field" is a location name of some significance: various accounts refer this to the establishment of pest house - a quarantine centre - in St Sidwell's during the 1665-1666 plague ("A pest-house was built at Lion's Holt, St. Sidwell's, and every precaution then known was adopted" - p.356, Report and Transactions of the Devonshire Association, 1897. Exeter Itinerary and General Directory also mentions a Pester-House Field and a Pester Road - page 24). "E. P. Lyon, Esq." is either Edmund Pusey Lyon of the former Staplake House, near Starcross, or his son of the same name; and John Cooke (aka "Captain" John Cooke) is the Exeter saddler, pamphleteer and vigorous general Character described in some detail in Sabine Baring-Gould's 1908 Devonshire Characters and Strange Events (see Wikisource, as well as another account - pages 591ff - in William Hone's 1827 The Table Book).

The spring or well at Lyon's Holt was of massive significance to Exeter's water supply, as described in 1882 account:
Near Exeter the Lyons Holt spring issues at 126 feet above sea-level, yielding towards the town supply 47,000 gallons daily of very pure water, which is extensively used for drinking-fountains.
- Eighth Report of the Committee 1882 ... On the circulation of underground water, pp.213ff, Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1883 (Internet Archive reportofbritisha83brit).
This was the case even after major revision of the landscape in the 1800s, when the new London and South Western Railway cut right through its location during its construction in 1857-1859. A small brick structure was built over it - the 1880-1890 OS County Series map marks it as "Temple" - and this is the structure now visible at the St James Park station. There wasn't actually a stop until 1906, first called Lion's Holt Halt; its final name dates from 1946:
Halt Renamed.
The name of Lion's Holt Halt, near Exeter Central Station, has been changed to St. James' Park Halt, as a compliment to Exeter City Football Club, whose supporters  give to it some moments of crowded activity when "The City" are playing at home.
- page 257, Southern Railway Magazine, Volumes 24-25, 1946
Well building now exposed at platform 1, St James Park station, Exeter

There's an account of this little structure in a 1925 Devon & Cornwall Notes & Queries:
… Well Lane, which runs out to Lion’s Holta region, now intersected by the L.S.W. Railway, which abounds in wells and springs including one enclosed in a quasi "Gothic" brick structure, which I was told belonged to the Dean and Chapter, and cistern near by it which I understood was the property of the Corporation, both in the slope of the South platform of the “Halt.” On the opposite bank of the cutting, but some distance to eastward, is the well-known St. Anne's Well. The way from the corner of Well Lane across the Railway-bridge is continuous, to northward, with the street named Devonshire Place, and here, on the west side, opposite “Head Well Villa” I was assured was the site of the old “Head Well.”
    That there was, in early times, a “Head Well” distinct from "St. Sidwell's Well " is proved by an extract in the Calendar of Patent Rolls of 1282 (p. 33)* — " Commission of Oyer and Terminer to try persons who broke into the houses of John de Exon, Cerk, at Wonford, Seynte Sedefunte and Hevedwell, Co. Devon. This, I may add, is the earliest documentary instance of the Saint's English name that I remember to have met with.
- page 21, [note on] St. Sidwell [authorial credit unfindable], Devon & Cornwall Notes & Queries, Volume 13, 1925
There's one problem: I don't think anyone's still 100% sure what well this was. Writing this post has been instructive in how inconclusive historical research can be, when locations are obscured and names have gone through a succession of changes. In the case of the wells around the site of St James Park station, even scholarly books and papers vary in their identification.

Firstly, there's the issue of St Anne's Well on the other side of the line (see the "W" at the NLS map image), and how it has on occasion been conflated with others. Robert Charles Hope's The legendary lore of the holy wells of England: including rivers, lakes, fountains and springs (Internet Archive legendaryloreofh00hope) gets the locations hopelessly confused.
On the spot where St. Sidwella is reputed to have been martyred is the well dedicated in her honour; it is situated on the left-hand of the Exeter side of the tunnel leaving the city, at a place called Lion's Holt.
OK ... so far he's talking about St Anne's Well, sited near the entrance to the Blackboy railway tunnel as you leave Exeter. But ...
The locality of the spring agrees very well with this, as it is situated in what is now called Well Lane. Some time hence people may wonder why this street is so called, as the well is not now to be seen; it has been destroyed, and the site is occupied by a house which has been built over it. The well, however, is distinctly marked on Rogers' map of Exeter, dated 1744, as "Sidwell's Well."— Trans, and Reports Dev. Ass., xii. 449.
Yes, it is distinctly marked - about a quarter of a mile away near the junction of the present York Road and Well Street, as you can see from the Wikimedia Commons image of Roque's Map of Exeter 1744. The mapmaker wasn't called "Rogers" either. I think we can write off Robert Charles Hope as a reliable antiquarian source. Nevertheless, he's not alone in suggesting that the probably mythical St Sativola met her martyrdom hereabouts:
May 21. St. Sidwell's.— "F. S." will find account of St. Sativola or Sidwell in the Rev. Dr. Oliver's Monasticon Dioecesis Exoniensia, and in most of the numerious works which treat of the history of Exeter. See also p. 450 of the last volume of the Transactions of the Devonshire Association where Mr. Parfitt quotes an account of the saint from an Anglican Calendar and another from Bishop Grandison's Legenda Sanctorum, the latter being as follows : — " St. Sidwella was the eldest of four devout sisters, daughters of Benna, a noble Briton residing in Exeter. On his death, her cruel and covetous step-mother, envious of the fortune of St. Sidwella, who inherited considerable property in the eastern suburbs of the city, engaged one of her servants, a reaper or a mower, to become her assassin, which he did, whilst she was occupied in her devotions, near the well in Hedwell Mede, at a little distance from the parish church which bears her name." Headwell Meadow was intersected by a deep cutting of the London and South Western Railway, and what is left of it is being rapidly built over.
- page 37, The Western Antiquary, June 1881
Then there's the "Captain Cook's Well" (referring to the previously mentioned John Cooke) whose location isn't clear. This account, however, correctly locates St Anne's Well.
There is another well, or rather was, for it has been bricked up, to the great inconvenience and discomfort of the people living in the vicinity; for this was much used by them, and considered very good. This well, or spring, has been known for a great many years past as Captain Cook's, for the reason that this Exeter celebrity lived in the house adjoining it; the proper name is, I believe, St. Sidwella's, or Sativola's, well. I introduce this well for this reason: In 1862, during the visit of the Archaeological Association Congress, held at Exeter, the late Mr. W. Dawson exhibited a model of what he called St. Sid’s Well. The model was really that of St. Anne's, and Mr. Dawson, in explanation of his model, went to show how this fine water supply had been destroyed by the cutting of the South Western Railway, which did certainly cut right into the spring, but did not destroy it. The spring can now be seen, covered up, on the Exeter side of the mouth of the tunnel on the left hand side as you leave Exeter, at what is known as Lion's Holt. To supply the conduits in Exeter, the authorities directed that a water ram should be erected on the opposite bank of the railway, so as to give, as far as possible, a supply to the conduits the same as before the line was cut.
- E Parfitt, On the Boring for Water and the Sinking of two Wells in Exeter. Trans. Devon. Assoc. vol. xii, pp. 448–449, 1880
There were others. Shortt's 1852 Collectanea Curiosa Antiqua Dunmonia; Or, An Essay on Some Druidical Remains in Devon, and Also on Its Noble Ancient Camps and Circumvallations (page 69) mentions a well found in 1836 Pester Lane (now Union Road) - though Shortt's work is an example of the flakey Druid-obsessed antiquarianism of the era before scientific archaeology, and his identification of the well as Roman isn't now viewed as credible.

Much older accounts aren't much help when all we have are Latin identifications, and it's anyone's guess whether the "fontem capitalem Sancte Satiuole" is the "Head Well".
I have already shown, in two articles (D. & C.N. & Q., XIII, p. 18, par. 22 ; p. 104, par. 109), the positions of the wells in St. Sidwell's Fee, and it seems clear that the Fons Sativolæ, or St. Sidwell's Well, was between Nos. 2 and 5, Well Street, near the corner of York Road. Having a round top (as shown in one of Hooker's plats), it was known in the neighbourhood, within living memory, as the "Beehive".
    Well Street, representing the old Headwell Lane, runs on to Lion's Holt Halt, where it crosses the railway bridge and is continued by Devonshire Place ascending to Union Road. The site of the Fons Capitalis, or Head Well, was at the foot of Devonshire Place, opposite Headwell Terrace and Headwell Vale. In a deed of 1420 a "field next Hedwille" is stated to be bounded on the south by "the lake or deep"… (defective). This probably meant the Longbrook, along whose bed now lies the railway line.
    The description in 1269 (Exeter Corporation Deed, No. 47) of a way leading toward the “fontem capitalem Sancte Satiuole" is ambiguous. It might mean the Head Well in St. Sidwell's Parish, but the term "head" might, I suppose, be used relatively to any particular conduit for which it was the source, and so might possibly refer,  sometimes, to the "Sidwell" (as it is marked on one map) or any other well.
- Ethel Lega-Weekes, St. Sidwell and her Fee, Devon & Cornwall Notes & Queries, Volume 17, page 256.
St Sativola, Sidwell Street relief
On balance, the consensus of accounts seem to be that the "Head Well" was at a location that's now at street level at the foot of Devonshire Place, just north of the railway, and that the one at St James Park station may indeed be the one whose former well-house above marked the site of the murder of Sativola.

As I said, it's an interesting story. I've only ever seen this "Gothic" brick structure from the Exeter train at brief stops on the way into Exeter Central. There doesn't seem to be much more to see of it, but as it's only a short ride from Topsham, I might go for a closer look next time I'm at a loose end.

- Ray

Isle of Wight: index

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In parallel with the Devon history subject list, here's another for the currently some 140 Isle of Wight posts on JSBlog. Like the Devon posts, they're a mix of walk photos, galleries from out-of-print travelogues, looks at at old novels, and a good number of detailed explorations of Isle of Wight historical and topographical subjects.

2015
2014
2013
  • A Wren-like Note: officially launched - launch announcement for my Maxwell Gray biography.
  • Nooks and crannies - an ill-fated housing boom - the 1840s villa boom a Blackgang, on cliffland already known to be unstable.
  • Dean Maitland locations - a gallery of plates showing identifiable Wight and other locations, from the 897 Kegan Paul, Trench & Trübner illustrated edition of The Silence of Dean Maitland.
  • More Wight literary miscellany - annotating works and author references in the 1948 Ward Lock Guide.
  • The art of Shanklin Chine - poetry, art, photography - and an Elvis memorial.
  • Crossing to Cowes - a trip on the chain ferry between East and West Cowes.
  • At Osborne House - an autumn visit to the classic Victoria and Albert home.
  • Undermount - a fascinating visit, by kind permission of the owners, to a hidden Bonchurch house and a hidden historical viewpoint.
  • Tennyson Trail - the beautiful walk from Calbourne along the downs trail to Carisbrooke.
  • The Devil's Chimney and The Chink- visiting two classic Undercliff rock staircases.
  • Calbourne - WH Long - a look at Calbourne and its connectionto the 19th century writer.
  • More Haslehust plates: IOW -  a gallery of pleasant EW Haslehust plates from the early 20th century Our Beautiful Homeland series.
  • The Isle of Wight - James Redding Ware - gallery of excellent photos by Russell Sedgefield and Frank Mason Good, from from Ware's 1871 guide.
  • Standing room only - the Isle of Wight population meme, and its relation to a 1907 fantasy novel.
  • To see Swainston - a walk near Swainston Manor and the Temple, Calbourne (Dean Maitland locations) and back to Carisbrooke.
  • ... in the Isle of Wight #2 - two travelogues, the 1901 French-authored Days in the Isle of Wight and the 1905 A Driving Tour in the Isle of Wight, the latter with a nice set of colour plates.
  • ... in the Isle of Wight #1 - various books including Gwilliam's 1844 Rambles in the Isle of Wight and the 1846 Owen Gladdon's wanderings in the Isle of Wight.
  • Poets of the Wight - Charles John Arnell's 1933 collection, offering a nepotistic selection of IOW writers and some very ripped-off illustrations.
  • The "Salt Pot" - an unfinished lighthouse on St Catherine's Down, near Niton.
  • Edward Edwards - troubled library pioneer - the train-wreck life of a pioneering librarian, who died in poverty in Niton.
2012
2011
2010
  • Ribstone Pippins - reading the 1898 Maxwell Gray novel, a dialect romance about a young Isle of Wight carter.
  • The Broken Tryst - reading the 1879 Maxwell Gray novel, a melodramatic romance set largely in "Brightdale", a fictionalised Brighstone.
  • Swinburne, Culver climber - on the poet Algernon Swinburne's completely uncorroborated story of having climbed Culver Cliffat the now-lost 'Hermit's Hole'.
  • Old Park - and a stormy friendship - the one-way romance of artist Walter Spindler and the novelist Pearl Craigie (who wrote as John Oliver Hobbes).
  • Isle of Wight flying visit (3) - brief commentary on the Undercliff near Ventnor.
  • Isle of Wight flying visit (1) - during which I see the original manuscript of Maxwell Gray's The Silence of Dean Maitland.
  • The Last Sentence - reading the 1893 Maxwell Gray novel, a melodramatic saga with some probable Wight locations.
  • The Reproach of Annesley - reading the 1889 Maxwell Gray novel, of which a major setting is "Arden", a fictionalised Arreton.
  • Maxwell Gray: Unconfessed - reading the 1911 Maxwell Gray novel set largely around "Brookwell", which seems to be a portmanteau of Shorwell and Brighstone.
2009
2008
  • The disappearing chine - a short introduction to the topic of Blackgang Chine, and its disappearance due to two centuries of coastal erosion.
These and future Isle of Wight topics at JSBlog can be collectively accessed via the label iow.

- Ray

JSBlog topic indexes

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For your reading and reference convenience, I've compiled post listings for two of the major topic areas on JSBlog:
You'll find permanent links in the left-hand sidebar.

Ferny Bank House of Rest for Women in Business

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Back in 2010 I picked up and ran with the topic of a short piece in the Western Morning News - Holiday retreat offered women a break from urban life – and men (Peter Carroll, WMN, Nov 13th 2010) - where there seemed to be a great deal more to tell. This is the story of the Ferny Bank House of Rest for Women in Business, a holiday home for working women, founded in 1878, that operated on Babbacombe Downs in the last quarter of the 19th century.

Reviewing this now, five years later, I decided to bump the article to the present, as there's even more still to say, as well as there being a lot more sources (either that, or I've got better at finding them).

I originally focused on probably the most detailed account -  A House of Rest - in novelist Dinah Craik's 1888 essay collection Concerning Men and Other Papers, which reprints her Murray's Magazine piece about her visit to the house. However, I've since found a number of other accounts in contemporary publications, both advertorial and reviews, as well as a good deal more about some of the people involved - including a connection, one I didn't spot first time round, to an amazingly prolific writer.

Ferny Bank offered inexpensive holiday accommodation for "working women of the better class". This isn't a euphemism, but referred to what would now be called blue-collar, white-collar and service industry workers - for instance, shop assistants, millinery workers, and post office clerks. To avoid social friction, its intake had a tight class bracket - no governesses (too genteel) nor domestic servants (too low-grade) - and the Miss Skinners ran a tight ship: no alcohol, plain food, and a rule of politeness. There were simple communal bedrooms divided by curtains. It was far from austere, however; dancing, singing and charades were encouraged, as well as beach picnics, outings and boat trips ("with a boatman we can trust"). And although Christian, the Skinners made no requirement of religious observance, and banned proselytizing of any kind.

A summary in Social Notes Concerning Social Reforms, Social Requirements, Social Progress, vol. 1, 1878, page 341, describes the management lineup as:
consisting of the Rev. John Hewett, Vicar of All Saints, Babbacombe and Rural Dean; the Duchess of Sutherland, Stafford House; Miss Roberts, Florence Villa, Torquay; the Misses Skinner, Bayfield, Babbacombe.
A report in a Channel Islands newspaper expands on the list of patrons:
Among its supporters are the Duchess of Sutherland, the Countess Spencer, the Countess of Glasgow, the Countess of Sandwich, and others, and by them appear the names of some of the principal London shopkeepers.
- The Star (Saint Peter Port, England), Thursday, September 08, 1881
But the actual practical management came down to the Misses Caroline and Emily Skinner. Dinah Craik describes them as "sisters, of moderate independent fortune", and tells us that the demarcation was that
the younger Miss Skinner ... chiefly does the talking and writing and bookkeeping ; while her sister, aided by a matron and two servants, attends to all the domestic affairs.
The 1871 census shows, by the way, that their ages only differed by two years: Emily, the book-keeper, was born c.1836, and Caroline c.1834, putting them in their mid-40s when they started the House of Rest as a venture.

Ferny Bank and Wing
out-of-copyright postcard c.1911
found image from closed eBay listing
Contemporary pictures of the main house are "Ferny Bank", but there are a couple of other names associated, Ferny Hollow and Ferny Combe, whose relationship to the original isn't entirely clear. An 1887 document in the Manchester Archives, for instance, refers to "Ferny Hollow A Holiday House and House of Rest for Women in Business, by Miss C.E. Skinner, (June 1887)" (ref: M50/5/27/1) and some other accounts use the same name, suggesting "Ferry Hollow" was just an alternative name. "Ferny Combe", however, seems to have been a separate wing or building, as an undated 16-page promotional booklet refers to it separately ...

low-res found image
eBay - no reliable metadata
The House of Rest for Business Women
Ferny Bank & Ferny Combe
on Babbacombe Downs
Torquay
... and the Charities Digest breakdown of expenses for 1897 refers to "donations for freehold of second house, Ferny Combe".

There are several detailed contemporary accounts in publications of the early 1880s, such as The Quiver, The Sunday Magazine, The Argosy, andChambers's Journal:
"FERNY HOLLOW."
Miss Skinner, "Bayfield," Babbacombe, as a member of the committee of Ferny Hollow House of Rest, informs us that a large and beautiful house has now been purchased, giving largely increased accommodation for visitors. This home is distinctly for business women from all parts of England, and is managed on the principle of visits to a country house rather than as an institution; its object is also to prevent illness by timely rest and change to a milder climate. Miss Skinner is able to arrange as to moderate railway fares, and in one year 570 women availed themselves of such facilities, and of the opportunity for rest amid the beauties of Devonshire. Many ladies at Torquay give garden-parties and "at-homes" to the Ferny Hollow visitors, to their great enjoyment and delight; some who are sent down for rest and change by the benevolent have not a spare shilling of their own—some are working long and hard, some are out of work from ill-health. What a blessed, peaceful, invigorating change to such it must be to leave behind crowded street and workroom and shop, to look out upon the flowers and sea and sands, and, for once, to take in their fill of nature's calm, restful loveliness amid the Devon lanes!
- page 639, The Quiver, Cassell Limited., 1888.
OCCASIONAL NOTES
HOUSE OF REST FOR WOMEN IN BUSINESS.
There is an Institution in the south of England about which we believe many of our readers may have never heard, and about which not a few of them may be the better for knowing something. We refer to what is called the House of Rest for Women in Business, at Babbacombe, in Devonshire. Pleasantly situated close to Babbacombe Downs, and surrounded by beautiful scenery, this unique establishment is under a Committee of management, consisting of the Duchess of Sutherland and other ladies, along with the Rev. John Hewett, Vicar of Babbacombe. The distinctive object of the Institution is to afford temporary rest and change of air to women engaged in business; and it is further intended rather for the prevention than the cure of sickness. It is well known that a short cessation from the cares and worries of business will often prevent a long illness; but the difficulty with many is not only to obtain the requisite opportunity for rest, but to know where to spend their short holiday. It is to meet this want that the Babbacombe Institution was organised; and it is especially intended for milliners, dressmakers, shopwomen, post-office clerks, and the like, many of whom in London and elsewhere break down for want of a rest in time. It is also available for such as desire to spend their annual holiday at the seaside, but are deterred from doing so by the discomfort of solitary and expensive lodgings. Domestic servants, however, are not included in the list of those eligible for admission to the Institution, which is thus strictly reserved for 'women in business.'
    
    The place is managed more on the principle of a large country house, than as an Institution, and those residing in it are treated rather as visitors than as lodgers. Pleasant intercourse and music indoors, and outdoor rambles, constitute some of the attractions. As such an Institution might be found useful elsewhere throughout the country, we may state that it is upheld partly by subscriptions, and partly by the revenue from visitors. The sum charged to visitors is twelve shillings per week. Donors, however, for each guinea which they give as a yearly subscription, are entitled to a ticket of admission for a period of three weeks. This ticket may be presented to any 'woman in business' whom the donor chooses in this way to assist, and the holder of the ticket is thereby entitled to reside in the Institution for three weeks, at the reduced rate of five shillings a week. The intending visitor, moreover, by sending a post-office order to the Rev. John Hewett, for the amount of a single railway fare to Babbacombe from the place where she resides, and a stamped and directed envelope, will receive from him a voucher for a return railway ticket; thus halving the expense of the journey. The Rules of the Institution, which may be obtained from the lady superintendent, Miss Skinner, Bayfield, Babbacombe, provide tat each visitor must bring a reference either from her employer or from her clergyman; and that no one can be admitted as a visitor who is suffering from serious illness, or who is recovering from any infectious complaint.
        Both the above Institution in particular, and the principle of its organisation in general, are, we flunk, worthy of the attention of those who have at heart the health and welfare of our 'women in business.'
- pages 211-212, Chambers's Journal, vol. 59, March 23, 1882.
The Argosy went further with a personal review by a correspondent:

WHERE SHALL I SPEND MY HOLIDAYS ?

THE above question is most important to any woman who has to maintain herself by her own exertions ; so many things must be considered. Expense is a great object to a working woman, and as a holiday is necessary to health, it is needful to be careful in selecting a health-giving air; and as solitude is not good for either health or spirits, she has also to look for congenial companionship.

Now let me tell you of a sea-side home which combines all these necessaries: where I spent a most delightful holiday last year, and where I am enjoying myself equally this year.

A friend who had passed a fortnight there told me of " The House of Rest for Women in Business," at Babbicombe, South Devon. She gave so glowing an account of it, and I had longed, so vainly, all my life to see Devonshire, that I wrote, as directed, to Miss Skinner. I received a most kind reply promising me a welcome; and early one morning started from a dull Northern town upon my long journey to the sunny South.

According to instructions I alighted at Torre Station. There I found some small omnibuses, and one of them conveyed me and my luggage to Babbicombe An up-hill ride of half-an-hour brought me to my destination. The omnibus stopped at a pretty, semi-detached villa of moderate size, standing back from the road, a short carriage drive leading to the entrance With rather a quaking heart I approached the door, wondering whom or what I should meet first. In the vestibule a lady, who was, I found, the matron, greeted me very cordially —a great relief to a tired traveller—and by her I was taken upstairs to a room, in which were two beds, white dimity curtains dividing the chamber in half, so that each occupant was quite in private . Each part was provided with an ottoman, one chair, a wash-hand-stand, with a looking-glass and towel rail above and a cupboard beneath.

Here I left my belongings, and went down the broad staircase to the dining-room, where I had some supper and chatted for a few minutes with the matron. Ever since I came into the house I had heard merry voices and laughter proceeding from the room opposite the dining room : the occupants were evidently enjoying some good game . The dining-room was long and large, furnished with a couch, two long tables placed T fashion, and comfortable chairs; the walls were delicately coloured in shades of green. From the two windows I often afterwards caught delightful glimpses of the sea. As I was fatigued, the matron excused me from joining the household that night; and so I took my lamp and was very glad to go to rest .

The next morning at 7.30 a bell rang for dressing, and at 7.55 a second summons brought the " visitors " (as the inmates are called) from every room. I followed the stream into the drawing-room, where prayers were read by the matron. These were very appropriate, some being specially composed for the house. A little book containing the short service was handed to each person present . After prayers I had leisure to examine the room, and was charmed with its home-like comfort and graceful elegance. The ladies who founded and furnished this delightful home did not stop at comfort and necessaries. The eye rests with pleasure upon the delicately tinted ceiling and walls, the latter hung with choice pictures, a gift from Bishop Fraser, of Manchester; the floor was carpeted with warm crimson floor cloth, easy-chairs were scattered about, and three inviting couches. The two long windows, which open upon a terrace, and overlook a pretty garden and lawn, held a stand of ferns in one, a low seat in the other. Flowers in pretty vases stood about on the large writing-table and upon the mantelpieces at either end of the long double room ; a large book-case, well stocked with interesting books, filled a recess, and was free to all. This completes, imperfectly, my first impression, and a closer acquaintance with its numerous comforts only increased my admiration. A piano has now been added, which is a great acquisition.

So much for the room; now for the occupants. These were women, twenty perhaps, varying in age from seventeen to sixty, as far as I could judge. Some looked ill, and had evidently availed themselves of a pleasant home and beautiful air to recruit exhausted energies. Most of these, I am glad to say, seemed quite restored before they said "good-bye." The rest all appeared very happy and full of enjoyment; they greeted me kindly, and assured me I should soon feel at home, as in truth I did. At breakfast, merry talk abounded, and as I was a stranger I had time to survey my neighbours. The breakfast-service was very pretty, of delicate blue and white; I afterwards heard it was a present to the house. After a substantial meal, the rest adjourned, whilst I remained with the matron, who entered my name and address, occupation,, and religion, and I then made my first week's payment. When this was done, as I found the others engaged in making their beds, I followed their example, and also arranged my things in the spaces allotted to them. It was a wet morning, and as out-door exercise was impossible, I started on a tour of inspection, and found that, on the same floor with my own bed-room, were four others, named respectively, from the colours of the walls, the Pink, Blue, Green, and Peacock rooms, and a tiny one over the entrance called the Nest. With the exception of this last and my own (the Peacock), they were all very large, each being divided by white curtains into three or four separate compartments, furnished like my own.

After dinner the rain ceased, and I accompanied four of the other visitors in a walk, and saw a little of the beauty of Devonshire. I feel that I am not capable of describing its wonderful scenery: but the remembrance of it is a perpetual delight, and I often pass a pleasant hour in looking over the photographic views I brought home, and in recalling my visits to each lovely spot .

The House of Rest stands at the end of Babbicombe Downs. A long zigzag path, which takes quite a quarter of an hour to descend, leads to Oddicombe Beach, from which, and also from Babbicombe Beach, parties of "visitors" embark for rowing. Here also are bathing machines, which, on fine days, are in great request. Another recreation is found in driving to the neighbouring places of interest, which seem endless.

Amongst so many fellow-visitors it could hardly be expected that all would be companionable, but I was agreeably surprised to find that all were friendly : everyone seemed eager to make new-comers happy and at home.

The ladies who originated the idea of establishing this home (the Misses Skinner) reside quite near, take great interest in the welfare of each inmate, and visit the house daily. Miss Skinner has written a little pamphlet, which gives a far better description than I can attempt, and can be obtained on application to the matron.

The House has been open for four or five years only, and twice during that time larger premises have been needed and taken. Even now bed-rooms have to be hired in the village. Twenty-eight inmates can be accommodated in the House. The work and trouble to these ladies is very great; answering the letters alone must be irksome. They conduct all the correspondence themselves, which not only saves the expense of a secretary, but also makes them feel better acquainted with each visitor by personal correspondence.

Visitors are received at 1s. a-week without, or 5s. a-week with, a subscriber's ticket. Subscribers of £1 yearly are entitled to one ticket to give to any woman who cannot afford to pay the 1s. Any person wishing to subscribe to this excellent work can do so, or can send donations of money, books, furniture, or indeed anything likely to be useful where so much is needed.

Every communication should be sent to Miss Skinner, at her private address, Bayfield, Babbicombe, South Devon.

The food supplied to visitors is plain, but good in quality and unlimited in quantity; milk is given with supper, no ale or other alcoholic drinks being permitted. In the evening games of various kinds are in vogue ; charades, draughts, proverbs, &c, &c.; thus not one minute in the day is dull; my only complaint was that the days were too short and too few.

If only this rambling attempt at description makes known to some of my fellow-women—especially those from the north, where it is not so well-known as in London—this well-named " House of Rest," I shall feel that I have done something to show my appreciation of the pleasure and benefit I derived from my visits, and of the kindness of the ladies who labour so devotedly for their poorer sisters.

One great advantage is that this is equally suitable as a winter and summer resort .

I have omitted to say that the visitors are composed chiefly of teachers of elementary schools, post-office clerks, and girls employed in shops, warehouses, &c. The visit is not limited to a special period; but, upon application for admission, intending visitors are requested to state, if possible, the length of time they wish to remain, in order to prevent disappointment. The beds are often bespoken weeks in advance, and as one visitor leaves in the morning, another fills her place at night. Some visitors remain only a week, others a fortnight, many a month; and some have stayed the entire winter, and then left reluctantly.

The railway fare from London or Bristol to Torre is reduced to one half by application to the Rev. John Hewett, vicar of Babbicombe ; and the return ticket is available for one month : this considerably lessens the expenses of the journey.- From The Argosy, Vol 36, 1883
All in all, I don't think the Misses Skinner would have been displeased to see that on TripAdvisor.

There's another review in T.P.'s Weekly. I won't quote it - it's largely more of the same, except for a bit of purple prose about the flowers on Babbacombe Downs - but the citation may be of interest: T.P.'s Weekly for September 21, 1906, vol. 8, page 878 (T.P.'s Travel Talk - A House of Rest for Business Woman, by One of the Visitors), showing it was still in action into the 20th century.

All of the general accounts are somewhat anodyne in not describing the usually difficult personal and health situations of the women who stayed at Ferny Bank. The author of A House of Rest, the novelist and poet Dinah Craik, is far more outspoken on this angle.

She was what might be called a conservative radical. Although largely traditionalist in her views on morality and the place of women, she strongly argued for women's rights to careers and financial independence (see Dinah Craik and the Feminine Tradition, Victorian Web) and her account is tinged with outrage at the situations of the woman visiting the House of Rest. Case studies show them to be low-paid, and often ill from occupational diseases and accidents. "D—" has neuralgia of the spine from lifting heavy cloth. "C—" is long out of work with pleurisy and an injured limb. Another tells Craik, "We all of us have something more or less wrong with our lungs." She also doesn't gloss over the temptation of such women to turn to prostitution, and the role of the House of Rest in stopping that at the vulnerable time of a rare holiday and money to spend in it:
"... this yearly holiday is to many girls their most dangerous time. Having saved up for it throughout the year, they are bent on enjoying it to the full while it lasts. They spend their money, often very recklessly; make acquaintances not always creditable; and this brief taste of the life of enjoyment makes more intolerable than ever the life of work. They loathe it, and see ever before them the one ghastly means of escaping from it which the world offers to its starving surplus women."
Anyhow, the essay is here: Concerning Men and Other Papers (London: Macmillian, 1888, Internet Archive concerningmenand00craiuoft - the essay A House of Rest is on pages 51-84).

I admit to never having heard of Dinah Maria Mulock Craik before a few months ago. She was highly prolific, and wrote about 40 novels for the popular market, most of which are on the Internet Archive. In her lifetime, however, she wasn't considered a very significant novelist; when a French reviewer compared her to George Eliot, the latter said rather nastily:
"the most ignorant journalist in England would hardly think of calling me a rival of Miss Mulock — a writer who is read only by novel readers, pure and simple, never by people of high culture. A very excellent woman she is, I believe — but we belong to an entirely different order of writers."
Even now she's overshadowed by Eliot, who often gets the credit for one of her poems: see Did George Eliot Write This?.

There's another writer connected with the story: the "Miss Roberts" who was the third member of the triumvirate Committee that ran the House of Rest. The full details in the Craik article ...
the third volunteer Miss Roberts, of Torquay, well known as the author of Mademoiselle Mori
... identify her as the Welsh-born novelist and general writer Margaret Eliza Roberts (1833-1919).

Her best-known work seems indeed to be the 1860 Mademoiselle Mori ("A Tale of Modern Rome") but she was highly prolific; the extent of her authorship was largely obscured in her lifetime by pseudonymous publication, or else credits at the level of "by the author of Mademoiselle Mori". She lived variously in Italy, France and Germany (ref: Charles Dudley Warner, A Library of the World's Best Literature - Ancient and Modern - Vol.XLIII, 1902) and wrote a deal on European historical themes. Her credits - I got to nearly 40 by collating titles from various pseudonymous author directories, and correlating "by the author of" links - include:
  • Summerleigh manor; or, Brothers and sisters (1857, Google Books BK4BAAAAQAAJ)
  • The Two Mottoes (1858)
  • Mademoiselle Mori: a tale of modern Rome (1860, Internet Archive - vol 1. mademoisellemori01robe / vol 2. mademoisellemori02robe).
  • Denise (1861-3, Internet Archive - vol 1. denise01robe / vol 2 denise02robe).
  • Little People (1863, Google Books 8JUNAAAAQAAJ).
  • Sydonie's Dowry (1865 - see Europeana 014697036)
  • On the edge of the storm (1869, Google Books UI1UAAAAYAAJ).
  • Women of the Last Days of Old France (1872)
  • Madame Fontenoy (1872).
  • Tales Old and New (1872).
  • Noblesse Oblige (1876).
  • Margaret Woodward (1877).
  • Fair Else, Duke Ulrich and other Tales (1877).
  • The atelier du Lys, or, An art student in the Reign of Terror (1879, Internet Archive 08027649.2645.emory.edu).
  • France (1881).
  • Grammar of the French Language (1882). 
  • Blind Thyrza: Zabdiel the Gipsy and Other Tales (1882).
  • Bride Picotée (1883).
  • In the Olden Time: A Tale of the Peasant War in Germany (1883). 
  • Tempest tossed : the story of Seejungfer (1884, Internet Archive tempesttossedst00robegoog).
  • Miss Jean's niece (1884).
  • That Child (1885).
  • Hester's Venture (1886).
  • A little step-daughter (1887).
  • A child of the revolution; a novel (1887, Internet Archive achildrevolutio00robegoog).
  • The Fiddler of Lugau (1887).
  • Under a Cloud (1888).
  • Banning and blessing (1889).
  • Stephanie's Children (1890).
  • Jem Lee's waiting game (1891).
  • Lilian and Lili (1891).
  • Kinsfolk and Others (1891).
  • The secret of Madame de Monluc (1894, Internet Archive  secretofmadamede00roberich).
  • A Younger Sister (1894).
  • Niccolina Niccolini (1897).
  • Saint Catherine of Siena and her times (1906, Internet Archive saintcatherines00robegoog).
As she was such a busy writer, it's hard to see how she found time to do anything much relating to the House of Rest; perhaps her contribution was financial? She evidently had money, and wasn't bothered about advertising the fact; she appears in the 1896 The Charitable Ten Thousand - a peculiar (by modern standards) openly published directory that collectors could use to to locate potential subscribers. According to "Literary" Torquay, a piece in Report and Transactions of the Devonshire Association, vol. 50, 1918, page 306, she came to Torquay in 1866, and lived at Florence Villa, "now Claythorpe", in the Warren Road, until 1892, when she left Torquay to live in Italy.

I don't have a closure date for the House of Rest, but it's still being advertised in The Englishwoman's Year Book and Directory for 1914:
Babbacombe, TorquayHouse of Rest for Women in Business. The Misses Skinner. 5s. a week with letter; 12s. without.
According to Todd Gray's Remarkable Women of Devon, Caroline died in 1918 and Emily in 1922. A portrait of them may be extant somewhere; a number of auction records a while back refer to an 1895 painting, "Caroline and Emily Skinner founders of the house of rest for business women" by the artist Ida Verner.

from The World of Women, Marguerite.
The Penny Illustrated Paper and Illustrated Times
(London, England), Saturday, July 13, 1889; pg. 110
low-res image reproduced as fair use.
The house still exists. Although converted to holiday flats - Sunningdale Apartments - it's little altered externally, and the charm of the location, overlooking Oddicombe Bay opposite the present-day location of the cliff railway, is still evident.

- Ray

The Isle of Wight: in a series of views printed in oil colours (1874)

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The Isle of Wight: in a series of views printed in oil colours is the Victorian  equivalent of a coffee-table book, published in 1874 by Thomas Nelson & Sons of London, Edinburgh & New York. I always like these collections, of which the 19th century Isle of Wight supported a huge industry, and the best of them are lusciously printed, showcasing state-of-the-art chromolithography. This is one of the many lovely and otherwise scarce books now downloadable from the Bodleian Library digital collections.



The advert in the Bookseller bills it as:
THE ISLE OF WIGHT. In a series of views printed in oil colours. Twenty-eight Views of Principal Places of Interest. Cloth, bevelled, price 3s. 6d.
Its uncredited editorial introduction has definite literary pretensions, and is peppered with inaccurate poetry quotations ...
"A summer isle of Eden lying in a purple sphere of sea"
- Tennyson
- a rewrite of the line "Summer isles of Eden lying in dark-purple spheres of sea" from his 1835 Locksley Hall.

"Set in this Eden of all plenteousness"
- Tennyson
- a selective quote from his 1864 narrative poem Enoch Arden, which continues, less idylically, "Dwelt with eternal summer, ill-content".

"Of all the southern isles who holds the highest place,
And evermore hath been the great'st in Britain's grace"
- Drayton
- [a slight misquote - it's "she", not "who" - from the Isle of Wight segment of Michael Drayton's Poly-Olbion]
... but then, the point of the book is the images, and T Nelson does those with great subtlety.

The publication date tracks definitely to August 1874 (it's in the August 1874 new titles list for The Bookseller for 1st September 1874). There's a good bibliographic description at The University of Toronto Libraries library site (see catalogue key 5401607). This includes a little on the printing process ("Chromolithographed plates include areas engraved on a key block and transferred to stone") as well as noting that some of the plates - all of which are uncredited by artist or engraver - were recycled in simpler tinted lithograph form for a later Nelson title, The Isle of Wight: its history, topography, and antiquities (see Internet Archive isleofwightitshi00adam for the 1884 edition). Compare, for instance, these plates of Blackgang Chine:

The Isle of Wight: in a series of views printed in oil colour (1874)
The Isle of Wight: its history, topography, and antiquities (1884 ed).

Anyhow, here are the plates. There are 27; the publishers bumped the count up to 28 by including the cover, which is actually a duplicate of the inside plate of Whippingham Church.

Click any image to enlarge. All images are Google scans and not for commercial re-use. Main file from Bodleian Library, Aleph System Number: 014306177 - available under Creative Commons "CC BY -NC -SA 2.0" license.

Tennyson's House

Osborne House

Carisbrooke Castle & Village

Sandown

View from Ashey Down

Donkey House and Well, Carisbrooke Castle

Newport & Valley of the Medina

Steephill, Undercliff, Isle of Wight

Ryde from the Pier

Whippingham Church

Quarr Abbey

Parade and Club-House, West Cowes

West Cowes

Luccombe Chine

View of the Needles & Scratchell's Bay from the Sea

Freshwater Bay

St Lawrence Church / St Lawrence Well

Old Church, Bonchurch

Ventnor

Freshwater Church

Arches Rock, Freshwater Bay, Isle of Wight

The Needles, Isle of Wight

Shanklin Chine

Arreton Church

Scratchell's Bay

Black Gang Chine, Isle of Wight

Alum Bay

- Ray

The House on the Scar: A Tale of South Devon

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I offer Bertha Thomas's 1890 The House on the Scar: A Tale of South Devon as a regional curiosity worth reading if you're into Victorian melodramatic romances. I found it syndicated in the Sydney Mail, starting in the Jan 18, 1890 issue, and it turned out to be in the Internet Archive. Set in the South Hams, Devon, it's one of the few - but apparently popular - novels by the Worcestershire-born author Bertha Thomas (1845-1918).



The House on the Scar concerns the worthy-but-gentle artist David "The Owlet" Ferrier, who loves fellow artist Amy Beverley (they both went to"Bexeter" Art School), but she's just not that into him, and falls for and marries the worldly incomer and ex-trader George Elliston, after he saves her from drowning. ("The Mount", the clifftop mansion Elliston buys, is the titular house). Right from the start there are ominous notes, in sightings of a vagrant "nigger sailor" (this was written in those days) and in a visiting missionary's stories of a man called Alexander ("Great Sandy"), a 'Mr Kurtz' style of trader and slaver in the South Seas. Small-town drama kicks off into something more when the sailor, a Samoan called Monkey Ned, turns up and reveals himself as an ex-crewman of Elliston, disgruntled about not being paid. David gets suspicious, especially after catching Elliston on the cliffs with blood on his hands, claiming Ned shot at him.

David's obviously bothered by all this, but doesn't really show it. However, his subconscious is clearly working hard.
He dreamt that he, David Ferrier, was committing a burglary at the Mount, and, breaking into the drawing-room, found Monkey Ned, the Samoan, trying to murder Amy. He sprang on him and held him down; and the livid, contorted, upturned features of the man he was strangling had changed to those of Amy's husband.
So he turns investigator, getting a job in disguise as a country bumpkin, 'Jacob', aboard the yacht Watersprite on Elliston and Amy's honeymoon cruise. When the Watersprite docks at Guernsey, David confronts Amy with what he learned from Monkey Ned: that Elliston is Great Sandy, and intends to kill her. Elliston recruits 'Jacob' for a smuggling side-excursion, and the two run aground on the "Guillemot Rocks", where David reveals himself and confronts Elliston with his certainty that the latter killed Monkey Ned. Their situation, clinging to wreckage, means they can't fight, and Elliston decides to swim for his life; David, finding the tide dropping, manages to get to shore. Subsequently, news reports show that Elliston survived to do a runner, but came to a sticky end at  the hands of New Britain natives who finally got to kill their exploiter. David leaves Orestone to develop his career, and returns in more macho shape, and a better artist, after three years  He and Amy are reconciled, just as friends, and depart into the luminous future as 'art buddies', possibly to marry eventually.

Incidentally, David's art becomes ascendant, and Amy's sidelined into pretty trivia. I'm not sure what the author is doing there: punishing the character for her bad relationship choice?
Amy's genuine interest in his work is an inspiring stimulus, and her acute criticism and invaluable suggestions, always at his service, are touched with genius, that gift of hers of which little more was to come. In painting she confines herself to a modest sphere: little studies of still life by the sea-shore; of marine flowers, sea anemones, madrepores, cup corals, and other beauties of the deep, mostly neglected by artists, to which her hand imparts a curious charm.
      The little world around them looks on, and sometimes wonders at this apparently successful instance of a friendship between two persons of opposite sexes. Amy talks confidently of the time to come when they shall be two old fogies—art fogies—still pursuing the same quiet routine as now. Orestone, though it has accustomed itself to the present situation, still prophesies that sooner or later it will end in a match.
      But David knows better!
It's a good yarn, though a very strange combination: a rather introspective romance that suddenly cranks up into action thriller. It's also let down by an excess of internal exposition and soul-searching from the protagonist, as well as the ridiculously unbelievable plot device of Elliston not recognising Ferrier aboard the Watersprite. But I enjoyed it overall.

For location-spotters, The House on the Scar is a well-described evocation of the South Hams. The story is peppered with authentic-sounding and real Devon names, such as the fictional "Orestone" (the main location); the fictionalised "Bexeter" (I wonder if Bertha Thomas, who trained as an artist, went to the Exeter School of Art), "Molt Head", "Heather Mill Cove" (three miles from Orestone), and "Roden Down" on the "desolate coast between Orestone and Plymouth"; and the real Malcombe Point (near East Prawle), Dartmouth (said to be ten miles from Orestone), Lannacombe, and Kingsbridge. Orestone itself is described as a tiny hillside town over a harbour where seven creeks meet, with a "long narrow street" with "rambling courts and alleys", 16 miles from a railway station, and with a daily steamer to Kingsbridge. It doesn't appear to be a fictionalised real location, but a very miniaturised hybrid of Salcombe and Dartmouth, planted somewhere on the stretch of the South Hams coast between Prawle Point and Start Point.
  • The House on the Scar: A Tale of South Devon(Bertha Thomas, New York: John W Lovell Company, 1890, Internet Archive houseonscar00thomgoog).
If you don't want to waste your life reading it, here are a few contemporary reviews.
"The House on the Scar,” by Bertha Thomas (Sampson Low and Co.), has much of the strength and many of the weaknesses of its kind, but as a love story, is rather disappointing. Amy Beverly is a cleverly drawn heroine. David Ferrier, her admirer, is a highly admirable young man, with profound depths of character and goodness of heart, but withal such a gawky lout that one has to admit his union finally with Amy might be an artistic mistake. The wicked man of the story, George Elliston, is a sort of retired freebooter, who settles down in England, carries Amy by storm, and marries her before David’s own eyes. The account of his speedy relapse into the old lawless habits is perhaps the best part of the story.
- A BATCH OF "LIGHT LITERATURE.", The Pall Mall Gazette (London, England), Friday, August 15, 1890.

“The House on the Scar.” 1 vol. By Bertha Thomas (Sampson Low) is a dish of dullness flavoured with sensation. We have the babble and humdrum level of existence in a seaside village, lifted by a liberal admixture of improbability. The scence of “The House on the Scar” is laid in South Devon. In Oreston [sic] lives pretty Amy, an aesthetic damsel, who has a lover called David. Both are devoted to art. In Amy’s delicate sketches there is a hint of genius; David’s are conscientious, but no more. Poor David resembles his art. He has every solid quality, but he lacks charm and dash. To the village comes a mysterious and wealthy stranger, who is, in truth, “a black birder,” from the South Guinea coast, with a past of blood-curdling exploit. How the bold buccaneer woos and wins Amy, and what comes of it; how poor David submits somewhat tamely to his fate, and broods over his beloved; what the village says of it all; these things make up the story. The best part of the book is to be found toward the close, where there is a realistically-described struggle with the waves of the two shipwrecked menAmy’s true-hearted lover and her husband.
- NOVELS. Daily News (London, England), Saturday, August 23, 1890.

“The House on the Scar; a Tale of South Devon,” by Bertha Thomas (1 vol.: Sampson Low and Co.) is a variant of the good old story of the young woman with the two lovers—one dull, humble, unselfish, and faithful; the other brilliant, masterful, selfish, and a scoundrel. It need not be told beforehand which of the two Amy prefers. The reader must not think, however, that he is going to be put off with a mere love story. The villain of the piece is sketched on quite a heroic scale—he is a desperate slave trader under the euphemistic title of “labour agent,” in the South Seas; and the last meeting between the rivals is conducted on a lonely rock off the coast of Brittany in ultra-sensational style. There is a deal of lunacy about the characters generally; indeed, we are by no means sure that had “Great Sandy,” the Antipodean nickname of the villain, been tried for the murder which is quite a matter-of-course event in his story, Broadmoor would not have been his fate instead of the gallows. The situations are forced and unnatural enough; but nobody can accuse the characters of being commonplace or the incidents of being tame.
- New Navels [sic], The Graphic (London, England), Saturday, October 4, 1890.
Miss Bertha Thomas has written better novels than 'The House on the Scar.' She has formerly exhibited no little power of characterization, and it is a pity that she should have turned her attention to mystery and adventure, for which she has not shown much aptitude. Her experiment is, moreover, tried too late, for the public rage for tales of this sort shows signs of abating, and novel-readers are developing some sort of taste in these matters, by demanding study from the life and not being so much taken with stories in which plot and action are contrived, so to speak, out of one's head. Miss Thomas, who always writes well, has put plenty of energy, and even swearing, into her story—and indeed the circumstances demanded plenty of both; but lifelike detail and adequacy of human interest are wanting.
- Novels of the week, The Athenaeum, No. 3277, August 16, 1890
The writer has achieved a distinct success in depicting the characters of David, 'the Owlet,' a young artist devoted to his work, and of Amy Beverley, 'a slender, soft- haired maiden,' an ambitious ait student. David thinks he is in love with Amy, but Amy marries an unworthy fellow, Elliston, who, before long, disappears from the country. David and Amy come together again, and vow an eternal Platonic friendship. The story flows on smoothly from beginning to end, enlivened with touches of humour, and pervaded with a decidedly healthy tone.
- The Publishers' Circular and General Record of British and Foreign Literature, Volume 53
, 1890, page 759
Update, 17th May 2015
While looking at the background to this book, I got interested in the author's works, which turned out to be so extremely varied that I compiled a bibliography. See Bertha Thomas: bibliography.

- Ray

Bertha Thomas: bibliography

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A spinoff from the previous post that may be of use/interest to someone. Even a brief search for works by Bertha Thomas (1845-1918) finds she was a greatly more varied and prolific writer than you'd expect from the handful of novels that appear in most credits. I got on the trail, and at the end of an evening I found myself with a detailed bibliography: what she wrote; what about; and where (if possible) to find it.

Not much is known abut her life, and she's another of the many novelists not much remembered because of not being perceived as 'literary'. However, New Woman Hybridities: Femininity, Feminism, and International Consumer Culture, 1880–1930 (Routledge, 2004) argues (see pages 20-21) for her having a deal of cultural significance as a feminist and an atypical member of the 'New Woman' movement of writers, and for the Anglo-Welsh cultural sensibilities she brought to her works. She was, in fact, not at all 'unliterary', and moved in the Continental writing/litcrit circuit that included figures such as Samuel Butler, Helen Zimmern, and Henry Festing Jones.

The At the Circulating Library entry - Bertha Thomas (1845–1918) - lists what are probably her best-known works, but that list has proved hugely expandable from other sources including British Library Newspapers reviews, the British Library catalogue, Walter E Houghton's 2013 The Wellesley Index to Victorian Periodicals 1824-1900, and a Google Books search of periodicals to find plot descriptions. A surprising number of her works are findable online via the British Library.


BERTHA THOMAS BIBLIOGRAPHY

BOOKS

Proud Maisie: A Novel (London: Sampson Low, 1877, British Library BLL01014824406 (click I want this for links to the PDF viewer options).
A novel of complicated relationships among five people: "... five lives were at stake—Hilda’s, Jasper's, Leopold Meredith’s, Sophie's, and mine" ... Ililda was married to Jasper, but was in love with Leopold Meredith. Meredith was married to Sophie, but, without being in love with Hilda, was quite ready to run away with her, merely to disgrace her because she had previonsly rejected him for a wealthier suitor. Jasper was in ibve with the heroine, and had found out what a mistake he had made in jilting her when he had married Hilda. The heroine, Proud Maisie, was in love with Jasper, and was watching with a spiteful eye the unhappy life that he and his wife were leading. Besides this a famous old German musician, and a young opera singer who was rising into fame, were both in love with Maisie also.
- The Saturday Review, March 30, 1878
Cressida: A Novel (London: Sampson Low, 1878, British Library BLL01014824403 (click I want this for links to the PDF viewer options).
A novel of the relationships of the bored heroine Cressida Landon, a country clergyman's daughter who has a succession of five or six suitors/lovers before marrying one, for whom she has no regard. He dies saving people from a shipwreck; stricken with remorse, she "succumbs to one of those diseases which are ever at hand to dispose of superfluous heroines" (quote from NEW BOOKS AND NEW EDITIONS.The Pall Mall Gazette, Tuesday, December 3, 1878).
The Violin Player (London: Bentley, 1880, British Library BLL01014824408 (click I want this for links to the PDF viewer options).
Set initially in Italy: a musically gifted girl called Renza Therval disguises herself as a boy - Laurence - to pursue her education as a violinist.
In a Cathedral City: A Tale (London: Bentley, 1882).
This concerns a woman who leaves her criminal husband and quits her identity as Mrs. Selby Knowles to live a quiet life as the dressmaker Elsie Ford in the city of "Bury St Martin", where she becomes friends with the talented cathedral musician Leonard Hathaway. Her husband, however, shows up. See the 1st December 1900 Tablet synopsis: here. (The 1920 A pictorial and descriptive guide to Canterbury, Herne Bay, Whitstable and the Isle of Thanet - Internet Archive pictorialdescrip00wardrich - notes that "Bury St Martin" is based on Canterbury).
The Life of Richard Wagner (non-fiction, The Elzevir Library: A Tri-Weekly Magazine, New York: John B Alden, Vol. 1, No. 38. May 3, 1883).

Ichabod: A Portrait (London: T. Fisher Unwin, 1885, British Library BLL01014824405 (click I want this for links to the PDF viewer options).
“... a clever study of the attempts of an imaginary pessimist, of the school of Schopenhauer, to carry out his creed to its final consequences”
- New Novels. The Graphic (London, England), Saturday, January 31, 1885.
 
"'Ichabod' is worthy of a more permanent form than the popular one in which it appears. It is called 'a portrait' and is in some sense a novel, but its worth lies in the fact that it reflects with singular accuracy the destructively inquiring spirit of our time and shows whither certain exaggerations of that spirit seem likely to lead. The book is a caustic one, wise as well as witty, and it is timely in a degree that is very rare. There are few readers of Bertha Thomas's books who, however much they may have admired the qualities that have won success for her, will read this work without a feeling of surprise at the evidence it gives of her possession of powers considerably greater than she has hitherto been credited with. The work is a minutely realistic sketch of a man of whom it is said that 'he was a clever fellow and might almost have made a philosopher—but for his philosophy.'"
- N. Y. Commercial Advertiser.
Elizabeth's Fortune: A Novel (London: Bentley, 1887, British Library BLL01014824404 (click I want this for links to the PDF viewer options).
This concerns the rather picaresque life of a Bloomsbury orange seller who successively cleans boots in a parson's household, joins the theatre, marries an officer (who goes missing in India), and then has to go back to the theatre to support herself. Brian Tyson's Bernard Shaw's Book Reviews, Volume 1 (2008) reprints the March 1887 review by George Bernard Shaw: see pages 254ff.
Sundorne (London: Chapman and Hall, 1890, British Library BLL01014824407 (click I want this for links to the PDF viewer options).
This concerns a playwright behaving badly.

"There have been some good musical novels, but very few good theatrical ones. Perhaps if they were true to life they would not be pleasant, and if they were pleasant they wouldn't be true.
...
"Miss Bertha Thomas's Sundorne is not an exception. It is powerful, but not agreeable. Sundorne (which is not a Cockney allusion to the earliest hours of the day) is a disappointed dramatic genius who has struggled against the light-hearted indifference of the public for nearly fifty years. He wanted to have his plays produced, in spite of the fact that "ten years' close observation of the London stage, from before and behind the curtain, and of literary life," had resulted in "disgust, amounting' to abhorrence, for the whole august body, managers, actors, and authors, as cheap-jacks, mountebanks, and parasites." These being, unfortunately, in possession of the theatres, Mr. Sundorne was obliged to make use of them when he was lucky enough to find a man of wealth to pay for his pieces, and an actor of talent to play in them. He retained his low opinion of his colleagues in art, and the courage of it; for when Mr. Crowe, the manager of the Theatre Royal, made some uncomplimentary suggestions of alterations in King Rupert, Mr. Sundorne "struck the manager across the face with the roll of paper in his hand," and exclaimed, in a tempest of wrath:—" Silence! with your idiot's jabber and huckster's chattering. Keep to your scurvy trade of lying advertisements and cooking accounts. Dare to talk to me, Arthur Sundorne!" and so on. Episodes of this sort seem not to interfere with theatrical business arrangements; for the play is brought out, has an immense success, and Sundorne has name, fame, position, and wealth at once. The young actor who had helped so much to the good fortune of Sundorne's plays, has a beautiful and noble wife (Marcia, by the way, is very cleverly described) with whom he has perfect domestic happiness, and who makes his exciting life wholesome by her influence and care. It occurs to Mr. Sundorne that Marcia would be of great service 1 in his own neglected interior, so he takes her away from her home without an apparent tnought on his part or hers of the ruin she leaves behind. It is the way of genius, and genius must have its way. The deserted husband continues to act, but takes to chloral, morphia, and Drandy, with the usual results, descriptions of which are not spared us. The Sundornes live on a pinnacle of success, happiness, and popular worship, until he dies of heart-disease, and Marcia flits about in black "like a widowed queen." This is but a brief sketch of the story, which is filled out by social and tkea) trical people and scenes described for tho most part as vulgar and : commonplace, and is told with vehemence and intense earnestness. It is interesting, if not pleasant, and it is suggestive, if the suggestions are scarcely encouraging." 

- The Saturday Review, November 8, 1890
The House on the Scar: A Tale of South Devon(Bertha Thomas, New York: John W Lovell Company, 1890, Internet Archive houseonscar00thomgoog).
See the previous post - The House on the Scar: A Tale of South Devon  - for a description and contemporary reviews.
Famous or Infamous: A Novel (New York: G. Munro, 1890).
A young English actor of great promise marries the daughter of London's foremost critic. The woman, who has inherited her father's mighty intellect, guides her husband's genius and restrains and counteracts the weaknesses of his character, fully understanding the complexity of the mind of genius, and its dangers. At the zenith of his glory the actor brings out a play by an unknown dramatist and succeeds in making it known. The author visits him, and a new love springs up in the heart of the actor's wife, who forgets all to follow this man of her choice.
- blurb from U. S. Book Co., quoted in Book Chat, 1891 (Internet Archive bookchat00unkngoog).
Camera Lucida; or Strange Passages in common life (London: Sampson Low & Co., 1897, British Library BLL01014830783 (click I want this for links to the PDF viewer options).
Camera Lucida. By Bertha Thomas.—Under this title we have a collection of "strange passages in common life" that are fated to command attention. Rarely does the mere story attain such completeness and finish as in Miss Thomas' hands. The theatrical side of things has a special attraction for the author, as may be seen in the clever bit of delineation called the "Satellite" and its principal figure, Eliza Loraine; in the curious episode of operatic life recorded in "A Compelling Occasion;" in the sudden end of Terry Gower, the flautist, and in the amazing example of thought-reading extraordinarily described in " The Song and its Shadow." An "Unbidden Comrade" and " A Brief Acquaintance" both take us to the Alps and to a study of foreign idiosyncrasies, while the "History of Jake" is another illustration of the law that the sins of the fathers shall be visited upon their innocent children. Whether "Hand in Hand" is correctly described as a "comedy" must be left for its readers to decide. There are ten tales in all.
- The Bookseller, August 6th, 1897.

The advert in the Athenaeum for October 30, 1897, indicates the story topics in some cases:

Hand in Hand: "A love comedy written in a vein of cheerful good nature, varied by a touch of irony."— Vanity Fair.
A Compelling Occasion: "An exceedingly well-told bit of comedy."— Scotsman.
The Satellite: "A pathetic little tale, and a pretty little tale to boot."—Daily Chronicle.
A Little Lifetime: "A pitiless study, almost Ibsenite in its realism."—Librarian.
A Brief Acquaintance: "A spirited account of a jaunt in the Tyrol, in which the writer shows a thorough appreciation of the beauties of nature as well as a marked vein of humour."—World.
My Friend Kitty: "A perfectly admirable sketch."—Court Circular.
How He Became a Conservative: "An excellent piece of fooling."—Librarian.
The Dead March: " Told with tenderness and a certain tearful humour that is very effective, and giving a vivid picture of London under the great snow of sixteen years ago."—Court Journal.
An Unbidden Comrade: "Takes us to the Alps and to a study of foreign idiosyncrasies."—Bookseller.
A Song and its Shadow: "The amazing example of thought-reading extraordinarily described"—Bookseller.
The Son of the House: A Novel (London: Chatto & Windus, 1900).
The central theme of this novel seems to be the same as that of Maxwell Gray's The Great Refusal: what happens when an heir to a fortune - the son of a glove tycoon - questions the moral and political basis of its origin.

A rich landed proprietor affected with strong socialistic views is certainly in a difficult position, and is little likely to find sympathy and help from his near relations. Oswald Hendry, tho hero of Miss Bertha Thomas's latest novel, The Son of the House, finds himself in this awkward predicament. He is the eldest son of a clever and unscrupulous merchant, who has not looked too closely into the strict uprightness of the means by which his money has increased, but who by some means or other had managed to leave behind him a lucrative business, a handsome country house, and a will giving his wife Sarah absolute power over the estate until her son should be of age to take possession.
- The Literary World, April 27, 1900.

Domestic peace broods over Miss Bertha Thomas’s latest novel—peace chequered or obscured by nothing more tragic than a tinge of Christian Socialism, little affairs of the heart, maidens’ caprices and young men’s consequent despair, physical fevers and moral degeneration. The author deals with the last in a half-hearted sort of way, does not needlessly blacken her villain, and allows him to flourish, as villains often do. The story has no world-problems, except a theoretic Socialism; no sex-problems, except in the elementary rules of attraction and affection; and the only approach to morbidity is when the heroine is just a trifle tired of the villain, and sits on the edge of a pond, watching a butterfly as it drowns. On the other hand, there is plenty of English interior, of rustic simplicity, of candid innocence, and placid contentment. ‘The Son of the House’ is a pleasant domestic story, such as the author has more than once shown that she can write, and her readers will not fail to be charmed by it. Its stronger passages bear fresh witness to her power of developing character, and werking out a situation :n convincing lines.
- The Athenaeum, No. 3779, March 31, 1900.
The Lucky Sister, a Fairy Play (London: G. Pulman & Sons, 1900).
I have no idea what this is about, but it runs to only 23 pages.
Picture Tales from Welsh Hills (London, Leipsic [Leipzig?]: T. Fisher Unwin, 1912). The 1913 FG Browne edition is online: Internet Archive picturetalesfro00thomgoog.
In “Picture Tales from Welsh Hills,” Miss (?) Bertha Thomas gives us nine short stories, the perusal of which cannot fail to awaken a sympathetic interest in the Welsh folk who have escaped the sophistication of Board Schools, and the corrupting influence of town life. As we have a right to expect in a book so exclusivelywe have a right to expect in a book so exclusively Celtic as this, an element of mysticism is predominant. The longest story in the collection is “The Way He Went,” which deals "with the meteoric career of a humbly born youth who, after an exceptionally brilliant career at Oxford, marries the daughter of an aristocratic clergyman, and dies abroad towards the wane of his honeymoon. “The Only Girl” is illustrative of the belief in pixies, which still survives in the remoter districts of the Principality. “The Madness of Winifred Owen,” with which the volume opens, is, to our thinking , the best story. Winifred's father wanted to marry her to a wealthy farmer, whereas her heart set on a petty officer in the Navy. In her perplexity, she seeks theadvice of a certain Dr. Dathan, who is devoting his life to research work. With her consent he injects into her arm a drug of his own invention, which has the effect of producing temporary insanity. By this meansshe contrives to gain the consent of her father to her marriage with her sailor lover. “Picture Tales from the Welsh Hills” is a book of intense interest, exquisitely written.
- The Westminster Review, J Chapman, 1912.
Stranger within the gates: short stories / by Bertha Thomas; edited by Kirsti Bohata (Dinas Powys: Honno, 2008). It's basically a reprint of Picture Tales from Welsh Hills, whose story lineup it largely duplicates - see WorldCat OCLC 435727631).
From the cover blurb:

First published in 1912, this is a collection of witty, sharply observed short stories which engage with feminism, the "new women" of the 1890s, alongside narratives which explore the personal and emotional conflict experienced by people torn between multiple ethnicities or between different social and national groups.
PERIODICALS
  •  George Sand (non-fiction, part of an Eminent Women series, The Galaxy, May, 1870). Book reprint: Boston: Roberts Brothers, 1883, Internet Archive georgesand00thom).
  • A vision of communism: a grotesque (Cornhill Magazine, September 1873, pp 300-310). This is a short story, an allegorical fantasy with remarkable thematic resemblance to Kurt Vonnegut's Harrison Bergeron.
  • Intellectual wild oats (Fraser’s Magazine, Volume 89, O.S., 9 N.S., May 1874).
  • A professor extraordinary (Fraser’s Magazine, Volume 90, O.S., 10 N.S., July 1874).
  • Latest intelligence from the planet Venus [on woman’s suffrage] (Fraser’s Magazine, Volume 90, O.S., 10 N.S., December 1874). This A gender-reversal satire on anti-suffrage arguments is probably Thomas's best-known polemical work. It's reprinted in the anthology Women's Writing of the Victorian Period, 1837-1901: see preview for page 197ff.
  • Critics in Wonderland: a study (Fraser’s Magazine, Volume 93, O.S., 13 N.S., February 1876).
  • The fable of Wagner’s Niebelungen trilogy (Fraser’s Magazine, Volume 94, O.S., 14 N.S., July 1876).
  • The fortunes of the Sundew family: a social nightmare in seven chapters (New Quarterly Magazine, Volume 9, January 1878). "A clever social skit"(The Academy).
  • Technical training for girls (Fraser’s Magazine, Volume 99 O.S., 19 N.S., March 1879).
  • Autobiography of an agnostic (Fraser’s Magazine, Volume 103, O.S., 23 N.S., May 1881).
  • Two truants (London Society, Christmas 1884): "an amusing story by Miss Bertha Thomas. It tells how a young actress and a dean's daughter personate one another, the actress going to a garden party at Lambeth Palace, and the dean's daughter to a theatrical reception. The thing is well kept up to the end, and concludes merrily" (description from The Graphic, Dec. 1884). The story's reprinted in the 1885 collection Irving tales; being good short stories, original and selected (Internet Archive irvingtalesbeing00unse, pages 81ff). 
  • Conspirators at home (London Society, Christmas 1885) - “an amusing story of the straits some young people were put to in their natural craving for dramatic amusement” (from Our Library Table. The Bristol Mercury and Daily Post (Bristol, England), Wednesday, December 2, 1885).
  • The Country of George Sand (English Illustrated Magazine, March 1887).
  • Leaves from the Diary of a Man of the Time: a story in three parts (London Society. Part 3 was in the October 1887 issue).
  • How I Became a Conservative: a tragedy in five acts (National Review, Volume 17, May 1891). This appears to be the same story as in Camera Lucida: sources differ in whether it's "He" or "I" in the title.
POSSIBLE
  • A Dictionary of Music and Musicians (1450-1889) (George Grove et. al, 1900, Internet Archive dictionaryofmusi02grovuoft). The contributor list has "Miss Bertha Thomas" as author for entries labelled "B.T.". I don't have independent confirmation that it's her, but the name's unusual, and the area of interest not inconsistent. According to the intro to Stranger within the gates, hersister Florence was a musician and conductor.
I'm sure the list can be expanded.


- Ray

We are not enthused: regional roots of a peeve

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A slight sidetrack: I just ran into a bygone usage peeve - or at least one that ought to be bygone - via a review of Bertha Thomas's 1913 Picture Tales from Welsh Hills., in which the Dial reviewer takes umbrage at "enthuse".

But above all he felt free — free to explore, observe, enthuse, abuse, exercise to the full and continually the interplay of ideas with those starting on the same lines and like-minded
- page 80, The Way He Went, Picture Tales from Welsh Hills (Bertha Thomas, F. G. Browne 1913 edition, Internet Archive picturetalesfro00thomgoog).
In the November 1st 1913 edition of The Dial (the Chicago-published "Semi-Monthly Journal of Literary Criticism, Discussion, and Information") the uncredited reviewer first gripes about this in the review itself ...
Some aberrations in the writer's English, perhaps attributable to the contagious influence of the Welsh idiom, will be noted here and there by a critical reader, who will grieve at Miss Thomas's unabashed use of "enthuse," without apologetic quotation marks
- page 365, Briefs on new books, The Dial, No.657, Vol. LV, November 1, 1913.
... and then feels it important enough to go on to an extended editorial (or op-ed) piece on the point, exhibiting several of the specious arguments - ancient etymology, "need", "absurdity", straw-man ridicule of nonexistent postulated forms of other verbs, and assertion of wrongness despite established usage - used by many objectors to new (and often not so new) coinages:
The birth of a new word, when the new word supplies a real need, is cause for rejoicing; but the careless introduction into the language of barbarous or hybrid or otherwise philologically objectionable terms is a thing to be deprecated. An offender already familiar to many is the verb "enthuse," which is being more and more freely used in both a neuter and an active sense. In a late number of "The Newarker" occurs this sentence: "They were stimulated and enthused by their communion with the live thinkers and workers of the world." A noteworthy publication of the season, Patience Pennington's "A Woman Rice Planter," which, even without its highly commendatory introduction from Mr. Owen Wister's pen, would win its way in the world, has at least one of its fair pages disfigured with this vulgarism, used in all deliberation and seriousness; and the otherwise admirable "Picture Tales from Welsh Hills," by Miss Bertha Thomas, cools the cordiality of our welcome by giving its sanction to this misbegotten monster of a word. Why it is to be called misbegotten will be made plain by a little reflection or a brief study of the dictionary. Enthusiasm (or, in Greek, enthousiasmos) is connected with the Greek verb enthousiazein; and the corresponding English verb, if we must have it, would be enthusiaze, just as we have dogmatize, from the Greek dogmatizein. To dogmat would be just as allowable as to enthuse; and if we permit ourselves to enthuse and to be enthused, why should we not ecstase our neighbors and be ecstased by them? But the truth is, there is no call for any of these grotesque absurdities. We have the verbs, stimulate, animate, kindle, excite, electrify; and we have no need of enthuse. Nevertheless, it has already secured a foothold in the language, and it would be safe to predict its unqualified recognition in the next edition of "Webster."
- page 397, Casual comment, The Dial, No.657, Vol. LV, November 1, 1913.
It's a century too late to say "lighten up - it happened decades ago", but that's my main thought. A glance at Google Books Ngram Viewer shows this to be an overdue sighting. The writer was railing about a usage whose print history went back more than half a century in the USA - the OED's first citation is an 1827 letter, but the word particularly kicked off after 1860. (British print use dates from a little later, around 1880).

click for full size chart
This is a nice example of Ngram Viewer using tags ...
enthuse:eng_us_2012,enthuse:eng_gb_2012
... to compare "enthuse" in different corpuses (US / UK)

A quick look at the earliest complains about "enthuse" finds an interesting detail: it looks to me like a historical peeve rooted in specific demographic prejudices. Whatever learned etymological arguments they may throw at the problem, my strong guess is that Northern-state writers such as the Dial critic disliked "enthuse" chiefly because they saw it as a folksy Southernism.

This is the central basis of the similar rant by the New York born Richard Grant White - in fact, I wonder if White wrote the Dial piece - in his 1871 Words and Their Uses, Past and Present: A Study of the English Language, where the "enthuse" entry leads with:
Enthused.—This ridiculous word is an Americanism in vogue in the southern part of the United States. I never heard or saw it used, or heard of its use, by any person born and bred north of the Potomac.
- page 207, Words and their uses, past and present. A study of the English language (Richard Grant White, New York, Sheldon & Company, 1870, Internet Archive wordsandtheirus04whitgoog).
And this is borne out by an earlier comment, from a Northern correspondent, in Notes and Queries:
There is, to be sure, one barbarous word, “to enthuse,” which can boast of no such authority [of British origin], but this being strictly confined to the slave-holding states, cannot, with any deference to the feelings of our southern brethren, be called a "Yankeeism."
page 19, "St. T., Philadelphia.", Notes and Queries, 3rd S, VI., July 2, 1864
The "enthused" entry in Words and their uses is in the "Words that are not words", a compendium of White's dislikes on the basic of taste and logic. His dislikes are often overtly emotive, expressed in terms such as "a perversion", "insufferable", "vulgar", "coarse", "of very low caste", and "laughable and absurd". Despite his American origin, his views are tinged with a general anti-Americanism, and particularly he attacks Southern US usage more than once.

It shouldn't be assumed, by the way, that White's stance was universal at the time. If you want a refreshing change from White's prescriptive blimpishness, read the American philologist Fitzedward Hall's 1872 Recent Exemplifications of False Philology,which thoroughly puts the boot into the shaky scholarship and complete subjectivity of White's arguments, including those for "enthuse":
Long ago, it may be presumed, the reader has discovered, in Mr. White, the peculiarity, that, when he employs language which, with ordinary people, indicates the communication of facts, he is only announcing his own opinions of what should be facts; and it is rare indeed that these are not officious idiosyncrasies.
...
Again, to get a word meaning "make enthusiastic", Mr. White tells us: "From the Greek adjective enthous, an English verb, enthuse, might be properly formed". How he works out this conclusion is shrewdly left to conjecture. He says, indeed, in his Preface: "The few suggestions which I have made in etymology I put forth with no affectation of timidity, but with little concern as to their fate "; and the assurance and indifference thus professed are just such as, in default of sound scholarship, might be expected.
- pages 70 and 77, Recent Exemplifications of False Philology (New York : Scribner, Armstrong & Co., 1872, Internet Archive recentexemplifi00hallgoog)
Outside America, anti-Americanism - or at least recognition of the American origin - was a focus of much of the other criticism of "enthuse" from the 1870s on. For instance:
... if it be true that the verb “to enthuse" has found its way to England, it may be safely affirmed that no author or journalist of reputation will venture to adopt it.
- Americanisms (reprint from the Pall Mall Gazette), The Living Age, 1872

And how could all these good people, with all their presumed advantages, have said "brainy" and "tony," and permitted themselves freely to conjugate in all its revolting moods and tenses the terrible verb "to enthuse"? Can it be that, amid all the warfare that appears to await us in the near future, the United States troops will one day have to be called out for the defense of our mother tongue?
- page 826, Recent American fiction (review of The Hon. Peter Stirling), The Atlantic Monthly, June 1895.

Here I fancied I detected the thin edge of another importation from America, to the ingenuity of which country we are indebted for such abortions as "to enthuse," ...
- page 147, "To Ambition" by "TENEBRÆ", Notes and Queries, 8th S. VII, Feb. 23, 1895.
And after that it just got on to the general peeve and prescriptivist factoid circuit as a meme as a Bad Thing, regardless of its origin. It was bad because it was perceived as new:
5. Beware of words too new to have a recognized place in the language.
...
The wretched word "enthuse" seems to be fighting for a place in standard usage, and as yet no one can tell what the sequel will be; at present it is a word to be shunned.
- The practical elements of rhetoric with illustrative examples (John Franklin Genung, Boston: Ginn & Company, 1891, Internet Archive practicalelemen03genugoog).
Neologisms in General. No precise rule can be given for the use or avoidance of neologisms. Some of them, e. g., the verb enthuse, or predicate in the sense of affirm, predict, are so crude and barbarous as to fall under the head of vulgarisms or slang. Others deserve at least respectful treatment, and still others will doubtless become standard English.
-page 164, A Handbook of English Composition, James Morgan Hart, Philadelphia: Eldredge & Brother, 1895, Internet Archive ahandbookenglis00hartgoog).
In the following examples, the student will name the error in the use of the italicized word or phrase as a Barbarism, a Solecism, or an Impropriety, and substitute for it the proper word or phrase.
1. He has tried to resurrect popular feeling, but the people do not enthuse.
Rhetoric: Its Theory and Practice. "English Style in Public Discourse" (Austin Phelps, Henry Allyn Frink, New York: C. Scribner's sons, 1895).
Then there is the misbegotten verb to enthuse—the most hideous of vocables in my sight—what is to be its fate? Although I have detected it in the careful columns of the Nation, it has not as yet been adopted by any acknowledged master of English; none the less, I fear me greatly, it has all the vitality of other ill weeds.
- page 307, New Words and Old, Brander Matthews, Harper's New Monthly Magazine, Volume 97, 1898.
“Enthuse” is vulgar and detestable.
- page 250, The Bookman's Letter-Box (editorial correspondence page), The Bookman, Dodd, Mead and Company,  Volume 10, 1899.
You also used another colloquialism which I wish you to exclude from your vocabulary, and that is that hateful newspaper word enthuse. There is in reality no such word. It is not recognized at all by our older dictionaries, but I notice that the Century dictionary admits it as a colloquialism, assumed to be derived from enthusiasm, which it is not, of course. Somebody thoughtlessly coined the word as you did vigorating and dropped it into a newspaper, where it was spread abroad and picked up by uneducated people.
- Twenty-five letters on English authors (Mary Fisher, Chicago: Scott, Foreman and Company, 1900, Internet Archive twentyfiveletter00fishuoft).
What's depressing is that people are still complaining about "enthuse" more than a century after it ceased to be a hot topic, even to the point of some writing guides actively stating it to be wrong - though such guides are generally written by self-appointed prescriptivist pundits such as Robert Hartwell Fiske, not by credible evidence-based dictionary authorities.

Unfortunately even the sensible usage guides more often than not advise knuckling under on disputed points, to stay on the safe side and not offend those readers on the traditional side of disputes. I'd like to tell people not to take such a nesh attitude to frightening the horses, but the difficulty is, it's easy to take a "f**k them" approach to such prescriptivism if you're operating from a position of independence (such as writing a weblog). But Realpolitik is unavoidable if you have a prescriptivist idiot as teacher, college tutor or employer, with power to impact on your marks/career if you don't toe their usage line. I don't know what the answer is.

I'd like to think that at least the dictionaries take a fully descriptive view nowadays. Yet even the current Oxford English Dictionary retains from its 1891 edition this judgemental description of the etymology of "enthuse", which falls very short of standards of neutral descriptive stance on word origin.
enthuse, v.
Etymology:  An ignorant back-formation < enthusiasm n.
- OED online
- Ray

A Vision of Communism

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The works of Bertha Thomas (1845-1918) continue to produce a crop of surprises. A while back I mentioned Maxwell Gray's excursion into post-apocalyptic SF, After the Crash; and now I find Bertha Thomas too moved into borderline SF/fantasy on occasion, as in her 1873 A Vision of Communism, which interested me for its strong similarities to a classic 20th century SF story.

Going by the partial title in many periodicals that allude to the work, you'd probably assume A Vision of Communismjust to be straight political polemic. But the full title turns out to A Vision of Communism: A Grotesque, and the work to be a 10-page satirical fantasy in which the narrator is given a tour of a Commune which practises aggressive enforcement of equality - whether by physique, intellect or appearance. What's striking about this is the consequent close resemblance, in theme and detail, to Kurt Vonnegut's Harrison Bergeron, published nearly a century later in 1961.

Quick rant: I can't abideHarrison Bergeron. It makes my back open and shut when I see someone asking about it in a literature forum. It's nothing to do with its stylistic merits as an SF work; I've always found it a strange and very memorable story, ever since I first read it in the late 1960s (who can forget the name Diana Moon Glampers?). It's what it represents. It's a set text in US schools, and has consequently spawned a whole industry of commercial and home-brew study guides telling students what it all means and, in some cases, what to think about it.
      Firstly, it co-opts Vonnegut's absurdist story to support an anti-Left point it's unlikely that Vonnegut intended (his own politics being Left-leaning). Secondly, used that way it offers a completely safe take on satirical SF: a token gesture toward satire on a tenet of US culture (the American Declaration of Independence's "all men are created equal"). But its target is a straw man scenario with which nobody would reasonably agree, so there's no real impact. It does zilch toward exposing students to the experience of classic satire that raises in the reader uncomfortable ideas about their own cultural assumptions.The study guides, in fact, regularly tub-thump and use it in precisely the opposite way: as a venue to reinforce the preferred mainstream view (e.g. why it's wrong to alter the Constitution).
      In contrast, we don't see any satires that might risk students questioning the status quo, such as the USA's fetishization of guns in relation to the Second Amendment to the United States Constitution; or its fetishization of authoritarian and nationalist symbols, such as flags and eagles, in ways identical to those of totalitarian regimes, as in Newman & Byrne's In the Air (Interzone #48, June 1991) which postulates a Soviet America - yet Eagle Scouts remain an identical fixture. Even The Hunger Games is sharper satire, with its take on the real phenomenon of sensational reality TV and the tight collusion of political and media power. Nobody's ever going to make you wear a bag full of lead balls round your neck; they already are selling you highly biased corporate/political stances as a pretended objective world-view, on a daily basis.

Anyhow: rant over. I chiefly wanted to draw attention to a nice pairing of thematically similar works. In both stories, by different means, handicaps are placed on physical strength ...
Near me, a youth of uncommonly powerful build lay stretched lazily on the grass, looking on. I accosted him, and asked when he was going to take his innings. "I never play cricket," he replied. "It's bad for me. Can't you see how unfortunately strong I am? Feel my arm." ... As I spake, Isotes drew me forcibly away. "Mind what you're about, please," said he, sharply, "I shall have to answer for the misconduct of the visitors I bring over. Recollect, you're not at Eton or Harrow. The College rules with regard to athletic games are these :—Boys whose stock of natural strength and agility shall exceed the average are forbidden to practice them and become proficients. Where the excess of physical power is extreme, the boy is forbidden to take part in them at all.
A Vision of Communism

"All of a sudden you look so tired," said Hazel. "Why don't you stretch out on the sofa, so's you can rest your handicap bag on the pillows, honeybunch." She was referring to the forty-seven pounds of birdshot in a canvas bag, which was padlocked around George's neck. "Go on and rest the bag for a little while," she said. "I don't care if you're not equal to me for a while ." George weighed the bag with his hands. "I don't mind it," he said. "I don't notice it any more. It's just a part of me."
- Harrison Bergeron
... and intelligence ...
"That boy is what you call a genius—we a little intellectual millionaire ... But by keeping him back, and carefully checking his activity of mind, we cut down his net mental income to the average figure, and prevent his unjust promotion over the mass ... Those with ready wits, good memories, and superior powers of application should be kept by artificial means from rising above it.
A Vision of Communism

And George, while his intelligence was way above normal, had a little mental handicap radio in his ear. He was required by law to wear it at all times. It was tuned to a government transmitter. Every twenty seconds or so, the transmitter would send out some sharp noise to keep people like George from taking unfair advantage of their brains.
- Harrison Bergeron
 ... and beauty ...
"Pretty scarecrow," I muttered rudely, at the sight of a damsel in a rusty black gown and shawl, widow's cap, and spectacles ... Eva was a beauty. I knew it directly, from her unbecoming dress. There, beneath, her hideous cap, I could spy the cropped gold hair. That clumsy ruff bespoke a slender throat, the ill-fitting gown and enormous dippers a graceful figure and tiny feet, those blue spectacles a bright pair of eyes.
A Vision of Communism

He tried to think a little about the ballerinas. They weren't really very good-no better than anybody else would have been, anyway. They were burdened with sashweights and bags of birdshot, and their faces were masked, so that no one, seeing a free and graceful gesture or a pretty face, would feel like something the cat drug in.
- Harrison Bergeron
Both stories, furthermore, feature a troublesome and talented young man.
He told me they [the guide's son and daughter] had given the Commune a world of trouble, being endowed, both of them, with parts of outrageous value, especially Abel, who, at the age of six, composed verses and played like an angel on the piano. Of course he was forbidden to learn music, and his education has been most carefully neglected. At sixteen he was taken with a lucky stammer which had squared matters to some degree. But he had still to be watched.
- A Vision of Communism

"Harrison Bergeron, age fourteen," she said in a grackle squawk, "has just escaped from jail, where he was held on suspicion of plotting to overthrow the government. He is a genius and an athlete, is under-handicapped, and should be regarded as extremely dangerous."
- Harrison Bergeron
A Vision of Communism does differ in a major respect: within its Commune, the reverse standard is also applied, with those with physical disabilities elevated to the aristocracy. It also, unlike Vonnegut's near-future dystopian America, turns out to be All a Dream. Nevertheless, the similarities in some areas are striking; I almost wonder if Vonnegut had read it.
  • A Vision of Communism: A Grotesque (Bertha Thomas, Cornhill Magazine, September 1873, pp 300-310, Google Books S2YJAAAAQAAJ). It was variously syndicated from Cornhill to publications including the Boston-based Every Saturday (18 October 1873, page 431) and the Australian newspapers The Portland Guardian and Normanby General Advertiser (Friday 28 November 1873, page 4) and the Sydney Morning Herald (Friday 27th February 1874, page 6).
  • Harrison Bergeron is copyright 1961, Kurt Vonnegut (quotations posted here under fair use for purposes of criticism/review).
- Ray

Rambles Through England: Isle of Wight

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Rambles Through England: Isle of Wight is a rather idealised description of an 1890s Isle of Wight visit by the uncredited correspondent of the Fleet Street based Ludgate Monthly - launched in 1891 as "a new illustrated threepenny magazine". A deal of it is pretty standard stuff - feel free to skim - but it's a pleasant account of touring the Wight in more genteel days, with a few topics worthy of commentary, such as the uncommon account of the decor of Mrs Harvey's Home of Rest in Shanklin, and the procedures for getting to visit Osborne House when Queen Victoria was alive.


Out-of-copyright text transcribed from Google scan. Images and text reproduced from Google scan for non-commercial use; not for commercial reproduction.


Shanklin Chine - upper booth
Rambles Through England
Isle of Wight 

The Ludgate Monthly
published at 53, Fleet Street, London, E.C.
ISLE OF WIGHT, The ... illustrated from Photographs
March 1894, page 502 in bound Vol VI compilation (Nov 1893 - Apr 1894)

AS I sit on the broad verandah of the Queen's Hotel at Ventnor, duly preparing my copy for the LUDGATE MAGAZINE, the summer sunshine is tempered by a gentle breeze, the waves of sea as blue as the far-famed bay of Naples, are rippling on the beach, where, within a dozen yards of me, and with that absence of conventionality so characteristic of the British tourist, both sexes are gaily disporting themselves at a very safe distance from the shore. On my left is a model promenade pier; on my right I see the Undercliff with its rugged white walls, dotted over with picturesque villas, covered over with ivy and creepers; while immediately in front of me two denizens of the sunny south, with an asthmatic barrel organ, are grinding out the sweet strains of “My Old Dutch,” interspersed with a few bars of “The Lost Chord.” What could any reasonable person require more in a health and pleasure resort than this.

Chine Road, Shanklin
            Ventnor is certainly the gem of the island; for land and sea-scapes it is unrivalled, and it also possesses the further advantage of being a good centre for marine and country excursions.
            Like the majority of visitors, I made Ryde my first resting-place. I strolled on the Pier and wandered in the Esplanade Gardens, and traversed the miniature lake beyond, where ladies and children may take their first lessons in rowing with impunity, as its uniform depth is only two feet. I sauntered up Union Street, and gazed into every shop window. I enjoyed the hospitality of the Royal Pier Hotel, and ruralised in its garden, which runs down to the water's edge. I made minute inquiries as to the length of the landing stage and to the method of generating the electricity by which its miniature railway is worked, and I watched the Portsmouth boats come in and go out. Then, like Caesar—or was it Marc Antony, or Napoleon ?—I sighed for new worlds to conquer, and booked seats for Ventnor in the good coach “Hero” for the following morning; and, with a sense of something attempted, something done, retired, and slept the sleep of a just person who suffers not from the qualms of a too sensitive conscience.

Crab and Lobster Hotel, Ventnor
            That drive to Ventnor, behind a splendid team of bays, I shall always treasure as one of the pleasant memories of a lifetime. The warm spring morning, the sweet scent of wild roses and woodbine which garlanded the hedges, and an occasional whiff of newmown hay, formed a delightful contrast to the dust and smoke-laden atmosphere of the grandest city in the world, and one realised that former methods of travelling possessed certain advantages not to be compensated for by the extra speed of the iron horse. From Ryde to the ancient village of Brading is only three miles. There two objects, naturally attract the attention of visitors: the stocks, in which malefactors of former days expiated their sins amid the jeers and derision of their friends and relations; and the splendid specimen of Roman domestic architecture, which was accidentally discovered a few years since, and is believed to be the finest example of its kind in the British islands. In many of the rooms are elaborate pavements of tesserae, for the most part depicting pastoral subjects and surrounded by a deep border. The villa shows traces of destruction by fire, and formerly consisted of a central block of apartments, with large wings on either side. This was probably the residence of a Roman governor, who would occupy the main building, reserving the wings for his soldiers and servants.

Hollier's Hotel, Shanklin - which still exists
            A couple of miles further and Sandown is reached. This may be considered one of the most fashionable towns in the island, and enjoys the distinction of a regatta in August. An esplanade has been constructed along the sea front, and on the hill-sides various roads have been cut, which are bordered on either side by terraces of houses and charming villas surrounded by their own grounds. As one walks along the Esplanade, or stands upon the firm beach, with its myriad of of children paddling in a waveless sea or burrowing in the sand, one can hardly believe that a mile or two from here, off Luccomb Point, the brave ship Eurydice foundered with three hundred souls. Only two escaped to tell how the vessel had been struck by a sudden squall, with sails set and port-holes open, through which the cruel waves instantly rushed and prevented her righting herself.
            The rural beauty of Shanklin must be seen to be realised, and one is sorely tempted to make a halt in this lovely spot, with its exquisite combination of sea, leafage and blue sky. The ground upon which it stands is well-wooded and undulating. The houses are placed at picturesque angles, without the slightest regard for uniformity, but always surrounded by luxuriant gardens, while the dainty, dimity-draped bedrooms and spotless linen, scented with lavender, are so attractive that, to do them justice, they require an entire article to themselves. The sweet songs of birds reach us, through the open casements, or as we lounge on the wide verandah (for every house, large and small, in the island is provided with this useful and picturesque adjunct), and with the simple food and salt sea breezes, seem as if they would lure one back from the edge of the grave. The sides of the Chine are almost perpendicular, and are clothed with rich undergrowth, trails of ivy and trees of various descriptions. About a hundred yards from the shore the chasm makes an abrupt bend to the left and grows much narrower, and it terminates in an exceedingly small fissure, down which the rill which has formed the Chine falls about thirty feet.
The following is particularly interesting; I must check it out in more detail. Mrs. Harvey's house of rest is very much in the same vein as the Ferny Bank House of Rest for Women in Business, which existed in Babbacombe in the same era, but it looks to have a broader demographic intake than Ferny Bank.
A house of rest at Shanklin, built by the munificence of Mrs. Harvey, and presented by her to the Winchester branch of the Girls' Friendly Society, was opened last year, and will doubtless prove a haven of rest to many a worn and weary woman who has found the burden of life too heavy for her. This large house, which has seventy-three beds, in addition to the accommodation for the staff, is intended for ladies, as well as poorer women and girls who require change of air and quiet, and the three classes whom it is to benefit will pay small weekly sums in proportion to their requirements. The house is situated at the edge of the cliff, and there are extensive views by sea and land. It is prettily decorated and furnished. The sitting-rooms are large, and the bedrooms, entrance hall and corridors light and airy. Along the front of the house, and looking seaward, run two verandahs, each one hundred and twenty-six feet long, one on the ground floor and the other on the first floor, which will be invaluable to invalids for exercise; and in the little chapel, with its quaint fittings of oak and its sweet-toned organ is a stained-glass window, which diffuses a dim religious light around. Indeed, the house has been a work of love to the generous donor, and everything connected with it is as perfect as possible, as she has personally superintended and taken the keenest interest in every detail.

St. Lawrence Church
            But I might not linger; a stern sense of duty, not to mention the pangs of hunger, urged me on, and, fortified by the idea that luncheon awaited me at the “Crab and Lobster” at Ventnor, I once more laboriously mounted the ladder placed by the steep sides of the “Hero.” Half-an-hour more and we were seated in the cool coffee-room, with its French windows opening on to a garden which reaches far up the face of the cliff. In this ancient and historically interesting hostelry resided, some two hundred years ago, the Vintner of the Island, whose calling suggested a name for the surrounding district, which, in course of time, has been softened into Ventnor.
To my surprise, this partially checks out. Historically, Ventnor was called "Holweia" (c.1200), and the modern name dates only from the early 1600s, despite attempts to track it back to the Latin "venta". The usual 19th century accounts variously mention "Vyntnor", "Vintner" and "Vintnor" from the 1600s, but are divided as to whether it was to do with someone who was a vintner, or someone just called "Vintner". A Dictionary of British Place Names (David Mills, Oxford University Press, 2011) cites "'(Farm of Vintner' 1617. Probably a manorial name from a family called le Vyntener".
I am not surprised that this place has earned a world-wide reputation as a sanatorium, or that it is the Mecca of consumptives, for the warm sunshine, combined with the Down and sea air, simply breathes longevity.

Ribband's Hotel, Bonchurch
            At Ventnor, sea-bathing can be indulged in under the most favourable circumstances, fishing is easily obtainable, and excursions by steamer and inland to Ryde, Freshwater, Carisbrooke, Cowes, Osborne, etc, are of daily occurrence.

The Crab Inn, Shanklin
            Those who prefer greater privacy might do worse than wander around the lanes of Bonchurch, St. Lawrence and Luccomb in the pony carriages which may be hired for a mere trifle; or go further afield to Blackgang, Godshill and Newport on the one hand, or to Shanklin, Sandown and Brading on the other. The town itself may be explored by hardy pedestrians, not afraid of hills, and affords many points of interest.
            There is the pretty little park and the quaint church of St. Lawrence, which is said to be the smallest in England. This I can quite believe, as it more nearly resembles a tiny model than a place of religious worship. The late Lord Yarborough enlarged the chancel by ten feet and added a new porch and bell turret; and the dimensions are now only thirty feet in length, and height to eves, six feet; greatest breadth, twelve feet.

Sandrock Hotel, Blackgang
            Near at hand is the Hospital for Consumption, consisting of isolated blocks for the reception of patients. There is now accommodation for over a hundred; the grounds are of a very extensive character, and it has proved a priceless boon to many who were unable to provide for themselves those little luxuries so dear to the invalid. It is impossible to do justice to such an institution in a single paragraph, but I would earnestly urge those who are in the neighbourhood to go and see it for themselves, when, I feel sure, they will willingly spare their mite towards the funds as a thank-offering for their own renewed health and strength.
            At Hillside, Ventnor, died John Sterling, the friend of Carlyle and Archdeacon Hare, and he was buried in the old churchyard at Bonchurch. Among the other celebrities who have resided near here may be mentioned the Rev. James White, the dramatist and historian; Edmund Peel, the poet of “The Fair Island”; the Rev. Canon Venables, who has ably illustrated the topography of the Isle of Wight; the late Dr. Martin, author of an interesting book on “The Undercliff”; Sir Lawrence Peel, the Indian Chief Justice and brother of the late Sir Robert Peel; and Miss Sewell, authoress of “Amy Herbert,” “Gertrude” and “Ursula.”
A few explanatory links:
John Sterling.
Rev. James White - this is the vicar-turned-writer, friend of Dickens, who figures not so creditably in the story of the breakup of the Bonchurch estates and wholesale development of the area in the 1830s. See Undermount.
Edmund Peel. Check out The Fair Island: A Poem, in Six Cantos (Edmund Peel, London: Francis & John Rivington, 1851, Internet Archive fairislandapoem00peelgoog).
 • Rev. Canon Venables - this is Edmund Venables, curate of Bonchurch, 1853-55.
 • "Dr. Martin" - this is George A Martin M.D., author of the 1849 The " Undercliff" of theIsle of Wight; its Climate, History, and Natural Productions (British Library BLL01014818635 - click "I want this" for links to the PDF viewer options).
Sir Lawrence Peel.
Elizabeth Missing Sewell- and see "Ursula" and Blackgang.
The Pool, Bonchurch
Sitting at breakfast one sunny morning, the waiter, when handing me my letters, suggested that it was a fitting opportunity for a visit to Newport and Carisbrooke, and that the coach would call at the hotel in an hour's time. As I had a great deal to get through in a given time, I felt that his proposal was not to be scoffed at, and booked my seat without further delay.

The grave of John Sterling
            Our first stoppage was at Blackgang Chine, which, in my humble opinion, is a delusion and a snare. The wild and savage grandeur of the scenery of which the guide book: speaks so glibly, to me only suggested a railway cutting, and we had passed twenty places in our drive along the Undercliff which possessed more natural beauty than this ochreous coloured mountain, unrelieved by tree or shrub.
            Near the Chine stands an excellent hotel, and there are some good lodging-houses in the vicinity. Half a mile inland lies the village of Chale, with its church dedicated to St. Andrew. It has a square, grey tower, wind-beaten and weather-worn, and standing in an exposed position; while among the grass-grown graves may be found the last home of many a shipwrecked mariner.
            A road of an agreeable character leads through Chale Street by way of Stroud Green to Kingston Down, and, after traversing the valley of Bowcombe, we come in sight of Carisbrooke Castle and village, where, at the Castle Hotel, I did full justice to the very substantial repast provided for those who had come by the coach, exploring the neighbourhood afterwards.
I've snipped a chunk here, an interminable standard account of Charles 1 and his imprisonment at Carisbooke Castle, very probably compiled straight from guidebooks. Here are the relevant images for the Carisbrooke / Newport section.
Carisbrooke Castle
King Charles' Window
Carisbrooke Well

Princess Elizabeth's tomb in Newport Church
Pulpit, Newport Church
Returning to the main narrative, we come to Osborne House.
Osborne House
Another pleasant day can be spent in an excursion from Ventnor to Cowes, when one passes, en route, the model farm of the Prince Consort, a portion of the Osborne estate and via the Ferry to West Cowes. Only a favoured few of Her Majesty's loyal subjects are permitted to walk through the grounds, and permission to do this should be obtained from Mr. Blake. The House is not open to the public, but in rare cases a special permit is given on application to Sir Henry Ponsonby.
How civilised! "Mr Blake" was the land agent for Osborne House (his daughter Dorothy is reasonably well-known for her recollections of family gatherings at Osborne toward the end of Queen Victoria's life).  Sir Henry Ponsonby was Queen Victoria's Private Secretary. No doubt there were very few permits granted, but an example of the kind of people who could get one is mentioned in John Morgan Richards'Almost Fairyland, personal notes concerning the Isle of Wight:
"The Parkers expressed a wish to go over Osborne House, which was not possible until the Queen had left the island for Scotland. Mrs. Richards then wrote to the Queen and received per return from her secretary, General Sir Henry Ponsonby, the requested letter of permit. We drove to East Cowes with our letter and had a very delightful day, being shown everything of interest in Osborne House and grounds." - page 62
Richards was a very affluent ex-pat American businessman living at Steephill Castle, near Ventnor. “The Parkers” were his guests, the Rev. Dr. Joseph Parker (minister of the City Temple, London) and his wife. To them that hath shall be given ...
There is quite a little shrubbery of trees planted at various times by distinguished visitors to Her Majesty. I particularly noticed one set by Dr. Norman Macleod, January 4, 1866; another marked Alexandra, November 9, 1862; and a third which was placed there by Dean Stanley, in 1877, at the request of the Queen and in memory of Lady Augusta Stanley. The old man who is in charge of this portion of the grounds and of the Swiss Cottage, was formerly the servant of that universally-respected lady, and was, after her death, taken into the Queen's service.
            Considerable interest is naturally felt in the Swiss Cottage, which was fitted up by Her Majesty and Prince Albert for the purpose of teaching the young princesses various domestic arts, but particularly cooking. The flower-beds of the royal children (now doubtless objects of pleasure and amusement to a second and even a third generation), are laid out in little plots, and stocked with all kinds of flowers, fruits and vegetables. The tool-house, where the garden implements are neatly hung (each with its distinguishing label bearing the name of the owner), was constructed by the Prince of Wales when a boy, and near at hand can be seen the barracks and drawbridge, with tiny cannon, which were built by the Queen's orders in October, 1860, for the Duke of Connaught, who even at that early age had developed military tastes.
            Her Majesty's partiality for her Scotch retainers is much remarked upon by those residing in the island, who are, nevertheless, loyal to a degree. As an instance of this, I heard an amusing anecdote. Two tourists were viewing Whippingham Church one day, when the Queen drove up to place a wreath on the grave of one of her servants. The caretaker, anxious to ensure Her Majesty as much privacy as possible, dexterously turned the key in the lock. Suspecting the cause, however, they made so much noise that she was compelled to let them out, when, with more curiosity than tact, they made for the grave. Surprised at this proceeding, the Queen enquired the nationality of the strangers. “Scotch, if it pleases your Majesty,” was the prompt reply of the woman; for, in relating the circumstance after, she said, “I did not know how to account for their rudeness, and I thought, if I said they were Scotch, I should be sure to be right.”

Whippingham Church - see
            This church was designed by Prince Albert, and was the scene of Princess Beatrice's marriage. It was formerly regularly attended by the Royal family, for whom one transept is reserved, the other being used by the household. Here the seats are covered with royal blue velvet, and on the walls above are memorials to Prince Albert, Princess Alice, and two grandchildren of the Queen.
More about this rather weird church and its surroundings here - "I shot Prince Albert ..."On the Medina.
            East and West Cowes are divided by the Ferry, within a stone's throw of which is the Royal Landing Stage, as spic-and-span as green and white paint can make it; and close by it was Mrs. Langtry's handsome new yacht, the White Ladye. The sparkling brilliance of the Solent, dotted with all sorts of craft, can be best enjoyed by those who do not possess sea legs from the Green, at West Cowes, which is one of the most delightful spots to lounge in. Without any of the drawbacks of a cruise, you can contentedly watch the large steamers making for Southampton, and become acquainted, at a convenient distance, with the various yachts in the harbour. As a watering-place it has enjoyed considerable popularity since the establishment of the Royal Yacht Club in 1812, and the foundation of a Club House in 1815. The season lasts from May to October; but at the time of the Regatta, which takes place in August, Cowes is crammed to its utmost capacity. The castle was purchased by the club in 1856, and was refitted and repaired at considerable expense. Beyond the castle and extending along the shore is Prince's Green, which was presented to the town by G. R. Stephenson, Esq., in 1864. By following the Marine Parade, you come to a district known locally as Egypt, where there are many pleasantly situated houses and well-gardened villas. By crossing the Medina, East Cowes Park is reached. A Seamen's Home is just completed, and Slatwoods, where Dr. Arnold was born, is an object of interest. Cowes, doubtless, has many attractions for individuals of an amphibious nature, but personally l prefer well kept towns, like Ventnor or Ryde, or rural villages, like Shanklin or Carisbrooke, to such places as West Cowes and Newport, whose streets were evidently laid out when Town Councils had limited rights and vague ideas of construction, and Local Boards were absolutely unknown.

Tennyson's Bridge, Freshwater
            The drive from Newport to Yarmouth and Freshwater is easily accomplished, or the tourist may, if he pleases, make use of the railway. Coach travelling in the island, however, is so convenient and agreeable, that most avail themselves of that means of transit. Yarmouth, in former days, was more remarkable for smuggling than anything else, and many of the older houses still possess trapdoors, secret passages and sliding panels, which tell their own story. There is excellent bathing and a good pier, and it also enjoys a regular service of steamers, besides having an equable and rather warm climate. Freshwater, I discovered, comprises the whole of that district which lies to the west of the river Yar, and includes the old village of Freshwater, School Green, Pound Green, Norten Green, Freshwater Bay, Alum Bay, Totland Bay and Colwell Bay. In the immediate neighbourhood of Freshwater Bay is Faringford House, the lovely home of the late Poet Laureate.
            “Have you ever heard of Master Tennyson?” said our coachman, especially addressing himself to me. I hesitated a moment, and the old proverb tells us “he who hesitates is lost.” It was so in my case. With a sublime contempt for my ignorance, and with the evident desire to refresh my memory, he added testily:
            “He used to make portray” (with a strong accent on the tray), “and the Queen made him a Lord before he died.”
            I modestly intimated that at some remote period of my existence I believed I had heard his name.
            When, with a scathing look at me and another flourish of his whip, he pointed across the road and said:
            “That were his house."
            I hear that funds are being raised with a view to erecting a memorial to the poet, and that it is proposed to expend five hundred pounds, either upon a stone tower to substitute the present wooden beacon on Freshwater Down, or to erect a granite monolith, in the form of an Iona cross, at Faringdon Lane. There are already, in exposed positions, two similar pillars of stone (in remembrance of a couple of island worthies), which are neither useful nor ornamental to any living creature. Would not such a sum be employed for a much better purpose if it formed an endowment for one of the prominent Isle of Wight charities, for instance: The Seamen's Home at East Cowes, the Hospital for Consumption at Ventnor, or for extending Mrs. Harvey's Home of Rest at Shanklin?
            In Freshwater Bay is a curious formation known as the Arched Rock, which is one of two isolated masses of chalk separated from the cliff by natural causes; and at the extreme west of the island, at one point of Alum Bay, stand the Needles, with a very necessary lighthouse as a warning to mariners. The chief interest in Alum Bay, however, is derived from the geological structure of its cliffs, where the junction of the chalk with the eocene formation is admirably shown. When there have been heavy rains, the colours of the various beds are heightened, and the aspect of the bay, always beautiful, is rendered still more striking.
And it still is. See our recent visit - Alum Bay (5h April 2015).
In this brief epitome of the various points of interest in the Isle of Wight, I have endeavoured to confine myself to towns and routes offering the greatest attractions to tourists, and all of which have been visited, without undue fatigue, in the course of a tour of a fortnight's duration. For I feel assured that there are many like myself who are unable to devote prolonged periods to holiday making and who desire, especially on a first visit, to economise strength and money and to see as much as possible in a given time. If, by the few hints I have offered here, I am enabled to make such a visit more agreeable to even a few persons, I shall consider myself amply recompensed.

The Ludgate Monthly
published at 53, Fleet Street, London, E.C.
ISLE OF WIGHT, The ... illustrated from Photographs
March 1894, page 502 in bound Vol VI compilation (Nov 1893 - Apr 1894)

The Arched Rock, Freshwater


- Ray

Shanklin Home of Rest

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Further to the previous Rambles Through England: Isle of Wight post, I checked out Shanklin Home of Rest. Its history turns out to be quite well-documented; but I'm always of the opinion that there's never any harm in another take on a topic. This, it turns out, ties in with a previous Shanklin post on JSBlog.


National Library of Scotland Map Images
Low-resolution screenshot for non-commercial illustration purposes
Click here for high-res comparison images
An immediate observation is that the building complex that was the former Home of Rest - at Lake, between Sandown and Shanklin - still exists. It's above Hope Beach, adjacent to the zigzag descent at Little Stairs, the only beach access route at Lake. The complex is now YMCA Winchester House, a YMCA accommodation centre with various community functions such as nursery and pre-school services. It original function, however, was as an affiliate branch of a different organisation, the Girls' Friendly Society.

Although both Shanklin Home of Rest and Ferny Bank House of Rest for Women in Business in Babbacombe provided affordable holidays for working women, they had a rather different basis. Ferny Bank was an independent venture of specific - if not idiosyncratic - intake: 'blue-collar' working women who weren't too genteel (no governesses), nor too downmarket (no domestic servants). The Girls' Friendly Society, which ran Shanklin House of Rest, had a much broader membership: in its early days, primarily young women who were domestic servants, teachers, nurses, clerks, students, and factory/warehouse workers.

I haven't been able to find a very early prospectus, but the 1903 Burdett shows the infrastructure:
Shanklin, Isle of Wight.—Home of Rest.—Opened 1893. Patroness.—Princess Henry of Battenberg. Patron.—The Bishop of Winchester. President.—Sir Wyndham S. Portal, Bart. Treasurer.—Rev. A.G. Joyce. Hon. Secretary.—Miss Lee, The Rectory, Botley, Hants. Hon. Med. Staff.—J. Groves, E.S. Thomson, R.A. Gibbons, J.H. Morgan and J. Ellis. House Phys.—Charles Fryer. Lady Superintendent.—Miss Willoughby. Beds.—73. Inmates.—856. Income (1901-1902).—£2624. Expenditure.—Ordinary, £2497; Extraordinary, £256. Terms.—For women and girls over 8; single bedrooms, £1 1s. to £1. 5s. a week; cubicle rooms, 13s. a week with subscriber’s letter; 15s. Without (G.F.S. Members 1s. less); Dormitories, 7s. 6d. with letter; 11s. without (G.F.S. 2s. 6d. Less). Hospital patients in Winchester diocese, 6s. 6d. London cases admitted. Subscribers’ privileges.—Subscribers are entitled to send one patient for every £1 1s. Subscribed. Donors of £21 = subscribers of £1 1s. The Home takes girls for industrial training from 13, at 5s., and over 14, at 4s. Per week, for a period of not less than 6 months. Duration of stay.—1 to 6 weeks.
- page 665, Convalescent homes, Burdett's Hospitals and Charities, 1903.
The 1914 The Englishwoman's Year Book and Directory lists the much wider disparity in costs once the Home of Rest included upmarket residents staying in a separate wing.
Shanklin, Isle of Wight – Home of Rest. With letter, 5s.; without, 8s. to 30s ... A few gentlewomen at 30s
There are, naturally, contemporary newspaper accounts of the 1893 opening of the Home of Rest.
SHANKLIN
OPENING OF THE SHANKLIN HOME OF REST BY T.R.H. THE DUKE AND DUCHESS OF CONNAUGHT.
A MUNIFICENT GIFT.
On Saturday afternoon Shanklin was en fete, the interesting event being the opening ceremony with the Home of Rest, at Shanklin, built on the cliff, and furnished through the munificence of Mrs. Harvey, at a cost of around £12,000. Prior to the arrival of T.R.H., the Rev. W.H. Nutter, M.A. (Vicar of St. Paul’s, Newport), gave an organ recital in the chapel. The Misses Nutter, too, assisted in the carrying out of the musical programme. The Shanklin Town Band played selections at intervals during the afternoon. The following information, anent the new building, will not be without interest to our readers:—the donor has presented the building to the Winchester Diocese Council of the Girls’ Friendly Society. It is intended for the reception of ladies and others who need rest and change of air, particularly for members of the G.F.S. convalescents from hospitals in the Diocese of Winchester. Beautiful for situation on the cliff, the home is substantially built in three blocks, and contains seventy-three beds besides accommodation for the necessary staff. A chapel, which contains an organ, has been erected at the end of the principal corridor. A verandah more than 100 feet in length (closed at each end) on both the ground, and first floor facing  the sea forms a delightfully sheltered promenade.
THE ISLE OF WIGHT, The Hampshire Advertiser (Southampton, England), Wednesday, May 24, 1893; pg. 4; Issue 4899. 19th Century British Library Newspapers: Part II.
I haven't quoted it in full. If you want to know a lot more - who attended, what was said at the speeches, etc - the above is the source to go for, along with SHANKLIN HOME OF REST - Hampshire Telegraph and Sussex Chronicle etc (Portsmouth, England), Saturday, May 27, 1893.

The G.F.S. Home of Rest, Shanklin, IW
from found eBay postcard image
unprintably low-res image reproduced as fair use
As to further background, I won't reinvent the wheel here: childrenshomes.org.uk gives the basics of the history, with photos - GFS Home of Rest, Shanklin, Isle of Wight - and Wootton Bridge Historical has a page about the central benefactor, Mrs Mary Nunn Harvey 1835 — 1897. She paid for the building and furnishing of the Home of Rest, funding the project from her late father's fortune from his Newport lacemaking factory - he was also a noted philanthropist - and then donated the premises to the Girls' Friendly Society. But the plan does seem to have been slightly less linear than that. Some accounts, for instance, EF Laidlaw's 1994 book A History of the Isle Of Wight Hospitals (see website - The Shanklin Hospitals), mention that the place was originally envisaged (who by?) as a children's hospital. I wonder what the story there is? Maybe the Local Board didn't go for it; the self-funding Home of Rest, paid for by its guests, would presumably have been a financially more attractive option than supporting a children's hospital.
Mrs. Harvey, of the Cliff, Shanklin, Isle of Wight, has offered to present to the Council of the Girls' Friendly Society a substantially built house near Shanklin, standing in its own grounds of about two and a half acres, and containing 100 beds, for the purpose of a convalescent home. The only condition attached to the gift is a ground rent of £40, to provide from which a guarantee fund of £800 is being raised, towards which Bro. Wyndham S. Portal has contributed £100.
- page 36, Masonic and General Tidings. The Freemason, Jan 21, 1893.
The same offer is reported - "A generous offer" - in the editorial correspondence section of The Hampshire Advertiser (Southampton, England, Saturday, January 07, 1893; pg. 3), with follow-up news of its rapid acceptance -  ACCEPTED WITH THANKS (A SHANKLIN LADY'S BOUNTY) Hampshire Telegraph and Sussex Chronicle etc (Portsmouth, England), Saturday, January 21, 1893 - and the meeting to establish the institution -  LOCAL AND DISTRICT NEWS (A MAGNIFICENT GIFT), The Hampshire Advertiser (Southampton, England), Wednesday, January 18, 1893; pg. 4. The acceptance story explains the ground rent condition: to pay for the lease on the land, which was under a 999-year lease held by a Colonel Atherley.

Mrs Harvey died, at only 62, a few years later on 11th October 1897. Her home, The Cliff, is also still extant, now as the long-established Cliff Hall Hotel; its website has a good historical summary.

View of the conservatory at "The Cliff", Shanklin, Isle of Wight
Gardeners' Chronicle, March 28, 1898
(Mrs Harvey was a  keen horticulturalist. A Gardeners' Chronicle supplement for March 1898 has the above very nice image of the conservatory at her home).

A 1968 Isle of Wight County Press feature - "75 years of service" - has a good rundown on the subsequent general history of the Home of Rest.
The original intention was for a children’s hospital, but for various reasons the plan was abandoned, and the house and its furnishings were presented to the Winchester Diocesan Council of the Girls’ Friendly Society “for the benefit of those belonging to the society and also for others who want rest and change of air." ... The house was officially handed over on May 20th, 1893 ... The Ministry of Health took over from June, 1940, until July, 1946, and the house was used as an emergency hospital. Otherwise it has remained under the control of the Girls’ Friendly Society since its opening. The original titleShanklin Home of Restremained until 1907, when it was changed to The Home of Rest (Winchester House). The present title was adopted in September, 1952, when responsibility was handed over to the Central Council of the G.F.S. Changes come hard to some people, and the term “Home of Rest” is still frequently heard on the buses, and by passers-by. Even the ordnance survey show it as The Home of Rest on their maps.
- 75 years of service, IWCP, Saturday, June 8, 1968 , page 10 (reproduced as fair usage, Isle of Wight County Press Archive archive.iwcp.co.uk).
I found a couple of early independent descriptions of the general architecture and decor. This one's from the previous post ...
A house of rest at Shanklin, built by the munificence of Mrs. Harvey, and presented by her to the Winchester branch of the Girls' Friendly Society, was opened last year, and will doubtless prove a haven of rest to many a worn and weary woman who has found the burden of life too heavy for her. This large house, which has seventy-three beds, in addition to the accommodation for the staff, is intended for ladies, as well as poorer women and girls who require change of air and quiet, and the three classes whom it is to benefit will pay small weekly sums in proportion to their requirements. The house is situated at the edge of the cliff, and there are extensive views by sea and land. It is prettily decorated and furnished. The sitting-rooms are large, and the bedrooms, entrance hall and corridors light and airy. Along the front of the house, and looking seaward, run two verandahs, each one hundred and twenty-six feet long, one on the ground floor and the other on the first floor, which will be invaluable to invalids for exercise; and in the little chapel, with its quaint fittings of oak and its sweet-toned organ is a stained-glass window, which diffuses a dim religious light around. Indeed, the house has been a work of love to the generous donor, and everything connected with it is as perfect as possible, as she has personally superintended and taken the keenest interest in every detail.
Rambles Through England: Isle of Wight (in contents as "ISLE OF WIGHT, The ... illustrated from Photographs"), The Ludgate Monthly, March 1894, page 502 in bound Vol VI compilation (Nov 1893 - Apr 1894).
... and this one from the Shanklin Spa guidebook - see Shanklin Spa ... (23 March 2014) - by the pseudonymous (and so far unidentified) Shanklin writer "Monopole", who notes quite early on the detail about the Home of Rest accepting gentlewomen too.
The Home of Rest is situated between Shanklin and Sandown, but so rapid has been the growth of the town in this direction that it may rightly be considered to be an integral part of Shanklin. It is built not far from the edge of the cliffs, has a commanding view of the sea, and an approach to the beach. To the munificence of the late Mrs. Mary Nunn Harvey the Girls' Friendly Society owe this generous gift, and although it is very largely used as a Home of Rest, it is also frequented as a seaside resort by gentlewomen, who have a wing to themselves. Those whose circumstances only allow them a limited expenditure, will find here a luxurious and beautiful home, enabling them to recruit their health by payment of a moderate sum of money. It was built in 1890, and has two acres of land attached to it, the main entrance is on the north, and you will note that the reception hall is exceptionally fine.
      On the north of the doorway is a very pretty chapel, which contains two valuable windows. On the first floor of the Home there are several drawing rooms, &c., and the whole of the building is heated throughout with hot water. A lift has been provided, in fact the Home may be said to be fitted up with every requisite for comfort and for health. It was designed, as was the Post Office, and the Club on the Cliff, by Mr. Lewis Colenutt, to whose genius Shanklin owes its principal buildings, the architectural beauty of which meets with universal admiration. It must be conceded that this Institution is doing a vast amount of good; it will be a lasting tribute to the generosity of the donor, for its cost approaches the sum of twenty thousand pounds; it is a permanent advertisement of the salubrious climate of Shanklin, for hundreds yearly enter the portals of this well-managed Home, weary, worn or overworked, or needing rest and change, and finding it here, after a short stay return home robust and strong.
Shanklin Spa: A Guide to the Town and the Isle of Wight ("Monopole", pub. Silsbury Bros, Shanklin, 1903 edition: Internet Archive ID shanklinspaagui00monogoog). 
If you Google "Shanklin home of rest", you'll find a few galleries with images largely from early 20th century postcards. Notably:


- Ray

Harriet Parr: bibliography, "Tuflongbo", and a dog's life

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Harriet Parr
While we're on Shanklin topics: I've expanded the 2014 Harriet Parr in Shanklin post to include a detailed bibliography, and I'm also delighted to say that I've finally found a portrait of her! Parr is another of those low-key writers who've turned out to be astonishingly prolific (in her case mostly as the pseudonymous "Holme Lee"). En route, I encountered her mid-career children's stories such as the odd "Tuflongbo" elf-saga, and the canine tear-jerker The true pathetic history of Poor Match. I'll only inflict the pictures on you.


The atmosphere of the "Tuflongbo" stories is strange. The text starts off very gently as nursery fantasy with twee botanical names, but once Tuflongbo turns up - I can only describe him as a kind of elf Allan Quatermain - the characters subsequently get into a lot of hard-edged politics, exploration and battles (not to mention an encounter with "Electrical Serpentes"). The costume of W Sharpe's artwork is a weird mix of mediaeval and Highland ghillie (it reminds me of the faux-mediaeval Eglinton Tournament of 1839). It's really hard to tell what readership it's aimed at, with its blend of the highly robust - characters do get killed - and the completely innocent. Some contemporary reviews say it's allegory of some sort, but I don't really see that; it doesn't seem to have the sustained identification of character with concept that goes with allegory.

Whatever Harriet Parr intended by it all, the Tuflongbo stories certainly made an impression on the Scottish lawyer, criminologist and crime writer William Roughead (1870–1952) who commented on Tuflongbo's world in his 1939 Neck or Nothing:
Most prized of all, by reason of being my first love, was Holme Lee's Fairy Tales. I have the book still, and unless old affection blinds me, I esteem it one of the best and most original of its kind ever written for the delight of deserving childhood.
      Why such masterpieces should have been suffered to go out of print, and have to be sought for like Elizabethan quartos, I cannot tell. I know not what form of intellectual pabulum is nowadays provided for the sustainment of our young. Doubtless they would find but little savour in these old-fashioned feasts, which I was wont to devour with gusto. For the drone of no aeroplane ever disturbs the silence of the Forbidden Forest; the Granite Castle is innocent alike of sanitation, wireless, and central heating; and there are neither tubes nor escalators in the Underground City. Tuflongbo's journey, while beset by most engaging perils, does not expose him to the common daily risk of being slain or mangled by some ruthless or incomplete motorist. Even more damning than such defects, the heroes and heroines of these tales are, like the angels, refreshingly unconcerned with Sex, whether in its physical, fictional, or filmic aspects.
- William Roughead, Neck or Nothing (Cassell, 1939).
Maybe Roughead read an edition without illustrations, because that's far from the impression I get. Tuflongbo and his companion Hawkweed, who go exploring in tweed and collar-and-tie, look more to me like upper-middle-class 19th-century gentlemen transplanted into the world of fairy tale. The Contemporary Review for 1868 spotted this clash of genres.
Tuflongbo's Life and Adventures. By Holme Lee.
Tuflongbo and Little Content. By Holme Lee. London: F. Warne & Co.
Allegory is perhaps the most difficult of all forms of fiction. The temptation to strain points for the sake of completeness is great, and very often the necessity of humanizing, through consciously pressing upward and forward a moral lesson, has the effect of so cutting nature in twain, that neither man nor child could preserve interest through the long detail in which all seems forced save the inner purpose. Now Holme Lee's exquisitely easy, graceful manner of writing, and her minute knowledge of natural history, saves her from too obviously falling into this fault. Yet Tuflongbo, tho offspring of Mulberry and Lupine, will not claim interest from the children so much as even the old pilgrim of Bunyan, because here we have two lines of interest running parallel, and disputing the claim of each other on our notice. The books are a sort of crosses between the "Water Babies" and "Dealings with the Fairies." On the whole, we prefer " Tuflongbo's Life;" there is less straining in it, and some of the touches are very clever. The books are beautifully illustrated, and should meet with favour.
- Notices of Books, The Contemporary Review, Vol. 7, February 1868).
Anyway, on to the images:







  • The Wonderful Adventures of Tuflonbo and His Elfin Company in Their Journey with Little Content Through the Enchanted Forest (1861) - (London: Smith, Elder and Co, Internet Archive wonderfuladvent00parrgoog).
Tuflongbo's adventures continue in the prequel, Tuflongbo's journey in search of ogres, illustrated in very Victorian style by H Sanderson, a regular book and magazine illustrator of the period. It tells of Tuflongbo's school-of-hard-knocks upbringing and education. While the picture style is a little different, there's still far more of the grizzled Victorian gentleman explorer to Tuflongbo than elf.

The Athenæum liked the Tuflongbo stories a little more than The Contemporary Review did. But the reviewer still mentioned the incongruously sophisticated elements, such as Tuflongbo's trial for high treason, and fairies who act "like the reasonable and rational beings we meet with in the novels of Miss Young and Miss Sewel" [sic - I assume deliberate misspellings of Yonge and Sewell].
The Wonderful Adventures of Tuflongbo and his Elfin Company in their Journey with Little Content through the Enchanted Forest. By Holme Lee. With Illustrations. (Smith, Elder 8 Co.)
We may as well make our confession before we begin our criticism. We took up these ‘Adventures of Tuflongbo‘ with a great contempt for parvenu fairies and new settlers in fairyland, where we spent the days of our childhood; indeed, we were honoured with the intimate companionship of all the real old fairies and their god-children. ‘We were brought up amongst the fairies of the ancien régime, and we were not disposed to transfer our But we gradually became interested in the fortunes of the heroic Tuflongbo, though he came of quite a modern family, and was nothing like such a fine gentleman as the beautiful Prince in ‘The White Cat,’ or Prince Riquet with the Tuft, or Prince Fortunatus; indeed, he was quite vulgarly able to take care of himself, and did not need a fairy godmother at all. But his adventures interested us more and more as we went on; and though we are old enough to have known better, we confess that from the moment we began to read we never laid down the book until we came to the last page; and we like Tuflongbo quite as well as any of the ancient old heroes of fairy tales, and we hope he never came to any harm, and we would be very glad to hear more about him, and we hope Holme Lee will make haste and tell us about his further history. Holme Lee may be satisfied with her day's work; for she has written a very charming book, full of fancy and good feeling; and most readers will feel regret when they come to the end of it: nevertheless, we have a little criticism to offer. In the first place, there are too many characters, and the incidents are confused. The story would have been better if it had been broken up into several stories. The journey through the Enchanted Forest of Stone is very good, though it gets too much into allegory; but after the adventurers get back to fairyland the story becomes confused and rather heavy. The trial of Tuflongbo for high treason is not managed according to the precedents of fairy tales; it might be the report of a case in the Central Criminal Court. In the latter part there are too many allusions to incidents and personages of other stories; and readers like to feel that they have a complete story; it is not treating them well to allude to matters which do not enter into the story before them. It is like talking of family affairs before visitors, and making them feel they are strangers. There is no poetical justice executed upon Aunt Spite and Lobelia; and we need not remark that in fairy tales we expect the strictest punishment for the wicked characters. It would be an improvement if Holme Lee would forget that she is writing in the nineteenth century, and make her fairies a little less like the reasonable and rational beings we meet with in the novels of Miss Young and Miss Sewell. Fairies and the dwellers in fairyland have always been a peculiar people; but their morals were of the very simplest, and their chroniclers had a. simplicity and unconsciousness of intention, which is one great point in which the old fairy tales and old nursery rhymes surpass, in grace and attraction, all that have followed in their track. It will be observed that we have not said one word to give an idea of what the story is about. We should consider it a breach of confidence; and no persuasion shall induce us to tell what readers may learn for themselves.
- The Athenæum: A Journal of Literature, Science, the Fine Arts (No. 1781, December 14, 1861No. 1781, December 14, 1861).
More pictures:








  • Tuflongbo's journey in search of ogres (1862) - "with six illustrations by H. Sanderson" - Internet Archive tuflongbosjourn00parrgoog). 
On acquaintance so far, I think I'll leave Legends From Fairy Land: Narrating The History Of Prince Glee and Princess Trill and Holme Lee's Fairy Tales for another time...

The true pathetic history of Poor Match is a bit mis-sold. It's not at all the relentless tragedy the original title suggests - probably why they changed it for the later Warne edition - but actually a very readable, and frequently amusing, picaresque cradle-to-grave story of a dog's life (with four illustrations by Walter Crane, one of the iconic children's book illustrators of the era). But the feisty dog protagonist does die at the end, and we get an elegy.






POOR MICK
Died, April 20, 1853. Greengates,

Poor Mick is dead! Alas! for poor old Mick,
The wisest dog, the faithfulest, the best!
Tramps, you are free to come without a stick,
Your steadfast foe lies there, for aye at rest.
Your rags may flutter loosely in the blast,
They won't disturb his dignity down there;
His crusty voice has barked its very last;
You're free to come and go without a care.
...
- Poor Match: his life, adventures and death
(London: Frederick Warne edition., 1870?
Google Books Z8IBAAAAQAAJ

Anyhow, check out the Harriet Parr in Shanklin post for the bibliography update at the end. It came as a surprise to me both in its sheer extent, and, considering that Parr (aka Holme Lee) is now a moderately obscure writer, that the vast majority of her known works turn out to be findable online. Some of her books - notably Against Wind and Tide (1859) and For Richer, for Poorer (1870) - use highly identifiable Shanklin settings, disguised only in name. Fans of Isle of Wight topographical connections in fiction might find the whole corpus worth a skim.

- Ray

The Sacrifice of Enid: a Dartmoor melodrama

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The Sacrifice of Enid (1909) is a romantic melodrama - one, I think, with a strong thematic hat-tip to The Hound of the Baskervilles - set around a wool mill in the fictional Dartmoor village of Willowbridge. I'm just compiling a bio-bibliography for the author, "Mrs Harcourt Roe", who lived in Ryde, Isle of Wight, in the 1890s and wrote several novels (again, more than appear at first sight). Pending that, here's a sampler of one of them.

The central plotline of The Sacrifice of Enid is that the scheming Louise Ormonde has set her sights on Ronald Westlake, son of the mill owner. Jealous of his growing friendship with a young woman called Enid (who, for her own reasons, is going incognito as "Mary Williams"), Louise contrives to frame Ronald for the crime of aiding Enid's convict lover in escaping from Dartmoor Prison.
      According to a news item in the Literary, dramatic, and musical notes section of The Author, Vol. XVIII, June 1st, 1908, Mrs Harcourt Roe sold the novel to the Northern Newspaper Syndicate, which generally handled British newspaper syndication. However, for whatever reason it seems only to have seen publication in Australia, in the Adelaide-based Observer, where it ran as a 13-issue serial in the summer of 1909.

You can read it online via the National Library of Australia's Trove archive:
The Sacrifice of Enid. (1909, July 24 - October 16). Observer (Adelaide, SA : 1905 - 1931). Retrieved May 23, 2015 from National Library of Australia Trove digitised newspaper database.

- Ray

Mrs Harcourt Roe

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Ryde, Shaw's Tourist's Picturesque Guide to the Isle of Wight, 1873
"Mrs Harcourt Roe" is another forgotten novelist with an Isle of Wight connection. She's described in an 1893 Isle of Wight Observer review of her novel A Man of Mystery as "a lady, well-known in the Island”, and she lived at Ryde in the 1890s. I just researched a bit (well, more than a bit) on her life and works.

I'll expand on her biography in a moment, but firstly, her credits I've found so far:
  • A Friend in Ten Thousand (Remington & Co., 1884). Novel.
  • The Bachelor Vicar of Newforth (Fisher Unwin, 1885).Novel.
  • My Twin-Brother Richard, Home Chimes, Vol. 3, 1885, page 344). Short story.
  • Whose Wife? (W. H. Allen, 1888).Novel.
  • A Balloon Story (Belgravia: a London Magazine, Volume 69 (Holiday Number), page 65, 1889. Short story.
  • A Man of Mystery (Blackwood, 1893). Novel.
  • The Naval Officer's Mistake: a story of war and peace (Hampshire Telegraph, 1894). Serialised novel.
  • The Silent Room (Skeffington, 1895).Novel.
  • The Romance of Mrs Wodehouse (Hutchinson & Company, 1896). Novel.
  • "That Figure-head" (Temple Bar, 1901). Short story.
  • The Shadow of a Fear ("accepted in the Chicago Daily News competition", 1908). Serialised novel - unverified.
  • The Sacrifice of Enid(Observer, Adelaide, 1909). Serialised novel.
The Literary Year Book confirms the magazine credits: "Temple Bar, Court Journal, To-day, Home Chimes, &c" (1905) and “&c. C. to many magazines. Several recent long serials" (1915), which I haven't traced apart from The Naval Officer's Mistake and The Sacrifice of Enid. From context and era, To-Day is probably To-Day's Magazine, a monthly general women's magazine published 1905-1910 by Daterson of Warren, PA.
      There's one other credit - Jenetha's Venture (Cassell) - listed for her in The Literary Yearbook and Bookman's Directory for 1900, but this turns out to be a mistaken attribution to the 1899 Jenetha's Venture: A Tale of the Siege of Delhi by Colonel AFP Harcourt, who was a colonial official in India and wrote various travel and topographical accounts.

My impression from skimming the reviews is that she specialised in novels in middle-class social settings, often with clergy and naval characters, with the staple scenario of major consequences arising from conflicts or misunderstandings. But she wrote at least one that was quite ground-breaking in its theme; there can't be many English Buddhist antiheroes - the "man of mystery" of her 1893 book - in 19th century fiction.

There are a handful of personal descriptions findable. The Hampshire Telegraph (September 9, 1893) review of A Man of Mystery says she was “a native of Southsea, and a lady intimately associated with the naval service”, and the Dundee Evening Telegraph for Thursday 1st July 1909 describes her rather patronisingly as "to ordinary acquaintances, an unaffected Englishwoman of homely instincts, with simple kindliness inherited from generations of naval officers". But prize for useful detail has to go to the Whitehall Review biography which, despite the Hello! magazine flavour of its relentlessly positive spin, is massively informative:
The daughter of a naval officer who was never on half-pay, the earlier part of the life of Mrs Harcourt-Roe, one of the most popular of the lady novelists of the day, was spent in constantly moving about. At 12 years old she went to reside in Melbourne, Victoria, her father being at that time senior naval officer in the Australian colonies. She was always a voluminous reader, and had an unlimited run of books. At 15 her education, so-called, was concluded; after which she read more than ever, for hours of a day, from sheer pleasure. Although now a writer of fiction solelybelieving that fiction is the most powerful factor of the present dayshe never selected novels for perusal, not caring for them. She read essays, travels,, poetry, history, all and everything; Mullins’ library (the Melbourne Mudie’s) providing well for the large demands made. At 16 she entered the gay society of the colony, and at 18 returned to England, where she married, and lived in London until three years ago, since when she has resided at Ryde, I.W. Her first novel appeared almost 10 years ago, but met with little attention, and for some considerable time she had nothing out. Since then she has written for many periodicals—Temple Bar, Belgravia, and others. Her principal novels are: “The Bachelor Vicar of Newforth,” “Whose Wife?,” “A Man of Mystery” and the “Silent Room.” “The Bachelor Vicar,” a story of social life, has been most warmly received by the Church and the Navy. “Whose Wife?” being a psychological roman with a good deal of metaphysical conversation, is considered by some people her best work, but is not so generally popular. “A Man of Mystery” has been, and still is, very warmly received by people of all sorts and conditions. We have had occasion to highly eulogise this remarkable tale in the Whitehall Review. The authoress had the most extravagant letters of praise from the public, people constantly telling her they could not put the book down, but read far into the night. Almost all the reviews united in appreciation of this powerful work. The subject being an unusual one, and the hero an English Buddhist, may have aroused interest. “The Silent Room”—a weird and impressive tale—appeared in March last, since when 4000 copies have been brought out. It has been very well received. Until Mrs Harcourt Roe wrote her first long novel, she had neither desire nor intention of becoming an author, being quite unaware of  any taste in that direction. Her work is a delight to her. She writes only when a story seems given to her to tell which she is compelled to pen down, knowing no rest until this has been fully accomplished. Her work usually plans itself in the middle of the night, and she has little trouble with it.—Whitehall Review.
RYDE, SATURDAY, AUGUST 3RD, 1895, Isle of Wight Observer (Ryde, England), Saturday, August 03, 1895; pg. 4 (quoting then current Whitehall Review piece).
(The Portsmouth Evening News for Thursday 1st August, 1895, notes that the Whitehall Review piece has "an excellent portrait" too).

The reference to letters of praise leads to an interesting detail: that Mrs Harcourt Roe was a correspondent with Isabel, Lady Burton, wife of the soldier and explorer Sir Richard Burton. Their letters were triggered by the mystical angles in A Man of Mystery.
The history of the late Lady Burton was a very.strange one. She is said to have .met her husband, Sir Richard Burton, a total stranger, on the ramparts of Boulogne, but so strong was the magnetic influence between them that she said at once to her sister, 'That man will marry me,' while the same idea instantly dominated him.' With reference to this incident she, not long ago, wrote to Mrs. Harcourt-Roe concerning 'A Man of Mystery,' saying, 'I cannot tell you how much I thank you for your very remarkable book. I could not put it down. I read far into the night, and again all next day. I think it is simply splendid. It very much applied to my own case, and I was greatly struck with many portions of it. . . . You and I know things that they (the general public) never dreamt of.' This letter was the beginning of a warm correspondence.
- Table Talk, The Literary World, James Clarke & Co, Volume 53, page 316, April 3, 1896
 The Literary Yearbook shows that Mrs Harcourt Roe (and her husband) continued to move around, giving her address as: Rosehill, Ryde, Isle of Wight (1897); Rothesay, Netley Abbey, Hants (1900 and 1903); The Nest, Twyford, Berks (1905); and Hovenden, Hurst, Berks (1915).
      These details were enough to help fill out a general biography with census and BMD records, with only minor complication: "Harcourt Roe" / "Harcourt-Roe" turns out to be her husband's name - Harcourt James Roe - rebadged into a gentrified double-barrel pseudonym: there's no relation to the aristocratic Harcourts who were around Ryde in that era (who proved an irrelevant sidetrack). She's furthermore credited sometimes as "A. Harcourt Roe" and sometimes "J. Harcourt Roe", with or without the hyphenation.

Mrs Harcourt Roe was born in January 1848 at Portsea Island, Hampshire (that is, the main island the city of Portsmouth occupies); the district of Southsea was then outside the city walls. She was christened Elizabeth Augusta Sibella Cox.. She was the youngest daughter of Henry Laird Cox, R.N. (1809-1872), a naval officer who joined the Navy in 1824, reached the rank of commander in 1857, and commanded coastal surveying of Victoria (hence the Australian connection) until his retirement with the rank of captain in 1866. His daughter married Harcourt James Roe - 22 years older, and then an insurance clerk living in the parental home at East Dulwich (though he was born in Newport, Isle of Wight) - at the parish church of Camberwell on 22nd August 1871.
      The couple appears on the 1881 census still at Camberwell - as “Harcourt J Roe” (55), commercial clerk and life insurer (?) - now for some reason saying he was born in West Cowes - and “Elizabeth A. S. Roe” (33) born in Southsea. But by the early 1890s, they were living in Ryde; the Isle of Wight Observer's List of the Principal Residents of Ryde and Environs shows a "Mr & Mrs Harcourt Roe and family" (their daughter Isobel) living at Rosehill, Wood Street, Ryde, from May 1892 to May 1898. This was where she wrote the last three of her novels. None of the census returns make any mention of her occupation as a writer.
      As The Literary Yearbook confirms, they later moved on; in 1911 (84/63) they're living at "St Nicholas Hurst", Berkshire; and in 1913, "Hovenden Hurst", Berkshire, where she died (aged 65) on 25 April 1913. Despite his greater age, her husband outlived her for over a decade, dying in Bath on 12th June 1926 (10 days after his 100th birthday, according to the Wells Journal, 18 June 1926).

Refs, variously: The Literary Yearbook; The Navy List; England & Wales, FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837-1915; Hampshire Telegraph Births, Deaths, Marriages and Obituaries; Wells Journal; Isle of Wight Observer; censuses 1871-1911; and the England & Wales, National Probate Calendar (Index of Wills and Administrations), 1858-1966.

Let's have a more detailed look at the works.


MRS HARCOURT-ROE (a.k.a. HARCOURT ROE) BIBLIOGRAPHY

• A Friend in Ten Thousand: A Novel (1884)
(Remington & Co., 1884). Novel in 2 vols. by "Mrs J. Harcourt".
The story largely focuses on the complications when the heroine wavers between two men of very different personality, and the circumstances - such as one being thought dead - keep changing.
“I was engaged to Captain Vincent. When I heard that he was dead I became engaged to our dear, good, kind Rector. Then, only the day before yesterday, we heard that Captain Vincent was alive, and I am now engaged to him again.” This terse and candid statement of her position, made by the heroine to a friend, gives a much better résumé of this rather rigmarole story than a critic could convey in many pages. The “dear, good, kind Rector” is a saintly aristocrat, who has a Duke for the head of his family, and to whom the last sacraments are administered by a bishop; he leaves all his money to his successful rival. There is a great deal, too, in this novel about a Mr. Fortescue, who at the age of thirty makes an income of two thousand pounds a year as Secretary to twenty City Companies, and who becomes the husband of a woman who drinks herself to death.
- New Novels, The Standard (London, England), Thursday, June 26, 1884; pg. 2.
Both volumes can be read at, or downloaded from, the British Library website:BLL01014812661 / BLL01001591127(click I want this for links to the PDF viewer options). The title has quite nice ornamental graphics, and the British Library has also uploaded scans to its Flickr pages: see 001591127.


• The Bachelor Vicar of Newforth (1885)
(Fisher Unwin, 1885).Novel, by "Mrs. J Harcourt-Roe".
This is the story of an eligible and charismatic vicar, Theophilus Manley, who comes to a small coastal town and turns around the fortunes of its shabby church and ailing church community, as well as becoming engaged to be married. That is, until his career crashes and burns when he's seen kissing a unknown woman. (He can't explain that she's his sister, because this would expose her to scandal / prosecution over money her ailing husband has mislaid). He exiles himself to ministry among the aboriginals in the Australian outback, where he nearly dies, but is eventually vindicated when the explanation comes out.
      This is an Isle of Wight novel in all but name. I find the descriptions of the cliffside harbour town "Newforth" (whose name recalls Newport) a portmanteau of Ventnor and Ryde, and there are other highly applicable locations such as a "Fisherman's Cove" that's not unlike Steephill Cove, and a “Seafort” whose name strongly recalls Seaview and the Solent sea forts.
An English country town, with the usual accompaniment of love and gossip, forms the background for a clever, well-written story. The Rev. Theophilus Manley, the vicar, comes to Newforth in the prime of life, with good birth, fair means, and great intellectual power. He finds the church and congregation dying of apathy and indifference. He inspires both with new life, and raises himself to the highest pitch of popularity. A foolish scandal, based upon a misunderstanding of facts, ruins his character, and he loses both his church and his lady love. His subsequent wanderings and sufferings and final reinstatement are full of pathos.
- Publishers Weekly (American Book Trade Journal), Vol. XXIX, No.727, January 2, 1886.
...
How many novels, romances, poems, dramas, have turned upon mistaking a young woman’s brother or a young man’s sister for a sweetheart or lover? This fine old anecdote constitutes the entire plot ... A superhumanly good, intellectual, and beautiful vicar, adored by a parish which he rules as a benevolent despot, and engaged to be married to the most charming of his parishioners, is seen to be kissing a lovely and mysterious stranger. He, influenced by a point of honour, refuses any explanation even to his fiancée, is turned out of her father’s house, driven to resign his living, and goes out as a missionary into the Australian bush where at last even his faith in Providence wavers. However, a very simple explanation ensues, and he returns in triumph to Newforth and Ethel. To have made two long volumes out of this trite and venerable episode is a feat of ingenuity; and apart from a sort of abject worship on Mrs. Roe’s part towards her own hero, the feat is crowned with better success than might have been expected. The means by which the Vicar transformed the benighted place he found into a model parish are certainly well described, and convey several sensible suggestions. Full enjoyment of the tale demands an even exceptional interest in Church work and clerical personality; but given the latter, the former is tolerably sure to follow. We are not sure, however, that the real moral of the story is exactly what Mrs. Roe intends. According to her, it is “Trust your vicar.” What it amounts to really is that not even a vicara rank which Mrs. Roe seems to rate considerably higher than archangelcan fairly ask for confidence unless he gives it in return.
- New novels, The Graphic (London, England), Saturday, January 23, 1886
...
The story of the Vicar is so innocently and naively silly that one hesitates to condemn it. The Vicar is a model of perfection, adored by his parish; falls under a most flimsy suspicion, evidently concocted with much care by the simple-minded lady who writes the book, as the best way she can contrive to break him down; is rejected by his parish and his sweetheart, subjected to extreme trials as a missionary among the savages; cleared of suspicion, and brought back in meek triumph to distribute forgiveness. The intended theme is evidently the saint-and-martyr one—always highly effective in an emotional novel, if half-way well done; but the effort under review is merely comical.
- Recent fiction, Overland Monthly and Out West Magazine, page 210, February 1886.
The New York, G. Munro [1885] edition is available via Hathitrust 000245697.

• My Twin-Brother Richard(1885)
(Home Chimes, Vol. 3, 1885, page 344). As "J. Harcourt Roe".  5000-word short story from the viewpoint of a stupid egotistical man who with difficulty impersonates his smarter, more sensible, identical twin in order to pursue the lovely Sophonisba Jones - then lives to regret it when she finds out the imposture, shortly after their marriage.

• Whose Wife?: A Novel (1888)
(W. H. Allen, 1888). Novel in 2 vols., by "Mrs. Harcourt-Roe".
"A tale of bigamy and marital abuse" (Varieties of Women's Sensation Fiction, 1855-1890: Sensationalism and the sensation debate, Andrew Maunder, Sally Mitchell, Pickering & Chatto, 2004).
The central scenario is that the heroine Elma first marries the abusive Mr Brownrigg, then later, thinking him dead, remarries the nicer Percival - only find herself a bigamist, because Brownrigg turns up alive. Along the way, there's a deal of metaphysical sidetracking in expositions from an author character, Mr Courtney; it's kind of tempting to suspect that Mr Courtney is channelling his own author.
      All this happens on a distinctly globetrotting scene, Elma being at the start a naive girl of 16, from New Zealand. The action starts on Lake Tarawara [sic], then is off from Auckland aboard the SS Queensland via Honolulu to England and "Arlyme ... a small town on the borders of Devonshire and Dorsetshire ... separated from Axminster by a lofty ridge". This places Arlyme as Lyme Regis - one scene visits the nearby Trinity Hill - though we don't actually go to Lyme, but to "Arlyme Hall" (somewhere in the vicinity of Uplyme). Elma and Percival have a honeymoon in Japan, visiting Yokahama and the Zenkō-ji temple; and later the story takes off again to Barcelona Cathedral and Palma de Mallorca. Ultimately, Elma and her good husband (the bad bigamous one having been shot while threatening to horsewhip her again) do the sensible thing and return to New Zealand to take up sheep farming.
Both the plot and the style of Whose Wife? are somewhat commonplace, and here and there we have such a vulgarism as the use of "transpired " for "happened;" but the story has a briskness and celerity of movement which make it quite readable. The heroine leaves New Zealand, where she has been born and brought up, to take possession of her English property, and bids farewell to the hero, with whom she has an understanding which is morally equivalent to a betrothal. In the course of the voyage she makes the acquaintance of two other men, one of whom is destined to play the part of guardian angel, the other to undertake the role of the villain The villain makes love to her, and she is false to her troth, so that when, after two years, the hero comes to England to claim his bride, he finds her on the point of marriage with another man. After gambling his wife's money away and otherwise misconducting himself, the villain goes to America, whence comes the usual apparently well-authenticated report of his death. The heroine, who has long ere this discovered her mistake, makes haste to rectify it by marrying the hero, and, of course, soon after the marriage the villain returns. After allowing him to make things very unpleasant for the hero and heroine for a sufficient time to fill up the story, he is at last really despatched, and the troubled pair are married again and live happily ever afterwards. There is not much to be said of Whose Wife? beyond the remark that it is a moderately good specimen of the not very valuable class of fiction to which it belongs.
- The Spectator, 29th September, page 22, 1888
...
The answer to the question which Mrs. Harcourt-Roe has chosen for her title is not difficult. Elma Tremaine's husband does not die till the end of the book, and although she married Percival Murray in the belief that George Brownrigg was dead, that piece of inadvertence on her part could not, of course, get rid of George as a "hard fact." The story turns upon what the virtuous but unlucky Elma ought to do when she discovers that she is not Mr. Murray's wife. As, however, there is no explanation of the almost incredible levity with which she had accepted the at first unwelcome attentions of Brownrigg while in honour bound to Murray, the sympathy of the most tender-hearted reader in her subsequent and consequent misfortunes is a good deal diminished. Mrs. Harcourt-Roe has a great passion for matrimonial complications, though her book is not in the least improper, and the reader who does not share the taste had better avoid Whose Wife?. Elma, it may be said in extenuation, as Mr. Disraeli said of Byron, was "very young." She was only sixteen when she came from New Zealand in the same ship with Mr. Brownrigg, and she had plenty of money, which, we are told, she could not " touch" till she was eighteen. How she could " touch" it then, not being of age, Mrs. Harcourt-Roe does not explain. Mr. Brownrigg wanted the money, and, after being some time disliked and despised, suddenly found himself its possessor along with the hand of its mistress. Of Mr. Brownrigg's breeding a single specimen may suffice. When Percival returned from the antipodes, and met Elma, her husband remarked, "No flirting with him, young lady, remember that; for I won't have it." The Brownriggs speedily quarrelled, and Mr. B threw political economy at her. This degradation was more than the cultivated Elma well could bear, and she retorted, with proud intelligence, "I do not in the least care for political economists; if one attended to them, one would never do a kind action." After this one partly understands why Mr. Brownrigg left her and sought in the more congenial society of Utah that repose which the flippancy of an ignoramus can never afford. Some time after his departure Elma heard that he was dead, and made up for lost time by promptly marrying Percival. The circumstances of Mr. Brownrigg's supposed demise were communicated to her, in a singularly businesslike manner, by Major Poole, a famous traveller. Elma bore it calmly, as was perhaps natural; but, by way of a likely hypothesis, took it into her head that the worthy George had been buried alive. She consulted the Major on this point, who hastened to reassure her by saying "He was as dead as a door-nail.""He felt this comparison," we are informed, " to be irreverent, but made it simply from the fact that he knew of no other to express an equal amount of deadness." After marrying, or doing her best to marry, Percival, Elma became a mother. It was a boy, and the father's emotion found vent in a passionate outcry. "I thought no man cared about a baby," he exclaimed; "but if I lost this little chap, it would be an actual grief to me." Could paternal love go further? We need not pursue the narrative of Mrs. Brownrigg's trials when George turns up, as odious as ever and just as much in want of money. He is a violent ruffian, but a good deal more lifelike than John Newcastle, the famous author, or his uncomfortable, mysterious wife, with a concealed title. Mrs. Harcourt-Roe's pages may amuse an idle hour, and she is sometimes most amusing when she means to be most serious. But she describes herself in speaking of some imaginary personage as "simply a manufacturer of something to read, not a living writer."
- The Saturday Review of Politics, Literature, Science and Art, Volume 65, March 31, 1888.
Whose Wife? can be read at, or downloaded from, the British Library website: BLL01014828480 (click I want this for links to the PDF viewer options).

• A Balloon Story (1889)
(Belgravia: a London Magazine, Volume 69, Holiday Number, 1889, page 65). Story, as "A Harcourt Roe". 
This is rather an odd story, with mildly SF elements, in Belgravia, the London illustrated monthly magazine founded by Mary Elizabeth Braddon. Somewhere in the French mountains, a balloon terrifies the villagers; it comes down, carrying the corpse of a beautiful woman, and then a distraught and near-skeletal man arrives, saying that he killed her. The villagers are all for lynching him, but the local Curé persuades them to put the man into his custody until proper justice has been served. The man explains: he's a Parisian scholar who moved out to the sticks, where he met his wife, to work on his project of developing an indestructible self-guiding balloon. He became so obsessed with this that he neglected his wife, not buying food or fuel, until she died of starvation. Stricken with guilt, he decided to destroy the invention (and simultaneously dispose of the corpse) by sending it out to sea. But the wind blew it back to the mountains, which he takes as karma for his crime of neglect. Having confessed to the Curé - and being starved, exhausted, and generally on self-destruct - he too dies.

• A Man of Mystery (1893)
(Blackwood, 1893). Novel, by "Mrs. Harcourt-Roe".
This is probably the book by Mrs Harcourt Roe that attracted most interest and attention. It presents a highly unusual central character - in modern terms, an ascetic cult leader as antihero - whose beliefs are presented in a not unsympathetic light. The novel chiefly concerns how his status quo unravels when he falls in love with one of his female students, Dorothea.
      This is another of Mrs Harcourt Roe's novels with a Westcountry setting. Part of the novel is set in "Penlist", a Cornish coastal village close to Saltash; and Fellerman's Buddhist community is in a granite farmhouse "in one of the most secluded parts of Dartmoor". It also visits Newforth, the setting of the earlier The Bachelor Vicar of Newforth, making it a crossover novel.
      Mrs Harcourt Roe was evidently interested in Buddhism and issues of religious philosophy; she'd  already devoted much of a chapter in Whose Wife? ("A Man without a Body") to an exposition - via the author character Mr Courtney - on contrasts between Buddhism and Christianity, and the whole question of "What is I?".
      The reviews were generally positive.
Mrs. Harcourt Roe introduces us to a very remarkable character in the hero of A Man of Mystery. She is fond of drawing ideal types; in the present instance she has chosen to portray a character raised to the highest point of virtue that can be attained by adherence to the tenets of pure Buddhism, and, while doing full justice to both, she very well contrasts with it the Christian ideal as shown forth in the person of Mr. Manly. It is an error, from our point of view, to have presented Mr. Fellerman in a distinctly unpleasant light at the opening of the volume; such a character, though likely to call out feelings of antagonism and suspicion, should hardly awaken dislike in the mind of the reader, and we are haunted by this first disagreeable impression to the end of the book. Though far from resembling the ordinary tale of mystery, there is plenty of mystery in the story, and the reader is carried through a series of extraordinary scenes painted with considerable vigour. The author has a dramatic power of presenting strong feeling that raises the book above the ordinary level, and its tone is always pure and pleasant. It is impossible not to read it through from beginning to end, and even then we bid a regretful farewell to Fellerman and Dorothea. The self denial exercised by the former in obedience to his religion, and the suffering entailed on both, affects us keenly. The marriage in tho churchyard at dead of night is drawn with a graphic and weird power that chills us to the bone. We are grateful to the author that she brings us into calm waters at the close, and that the troubled careers end together. The final scenes are full of pathos and simplicity.
- New novels & new editions, The Literary World, Volume 48, page 233, October 6, 1893.
...
A title goes for much—sometimes for too much, and the book (proves a disappointment. This is not the case with Mrs. Harcourt Roe's novel, A Man of Mystery. Such a title, though  not startling from its novelty, cannot fail to awaken interest, and in this instance the author has not aimed at setting that interest to rest. The man is mysterious and does not cease to be so even after the strange circumstances of his birth and life are explained to us. Mr. Fellerman, alias Lord Mountain, was son of an English peer, but, being wrecked off the coast of "India, or Burmah, or somewhere"—such is the explicit narrative of a certain Mrs. Worsley—at the age of seven, he is picked up by a wealthy native and educated in the Buddhist faith. When of age, he returns to Europe with the intention of preaching that religion in Christian countries. Finding that the weaker sex are the most amenable to his teaching (he was "a singularly attractive, handsome man "), 'he organizes a kind of girls' college, whence the pupils, after a strict and careful preparation, are to go forth and reform the world. His early training of severe self-abnegation, his unknown parentage, an iron will, and the peculiar manner of propagating his religion, are facts in themselves sufficient to veil him in mystery, and the succession of events in the story are well contrived to allure the curiosity of the reader yet more. After remaining obdurate to the charms of numerous fair collegers, he falls a complete victim to his last acquisition. It is a relief to read of the fall of this severe stoic, and it is a good touch of human nature that he squares the matter to his conscience by the discovery that love—though only human love—has an ennobling and not a degrading effect upon its votaries. The novel is well constructed until the last few chapters, in which the reader is wearied out by a detailed account of the trial, imprisonment, and eventual release of a character of only secondary interest, after the man of mystery and his wife have married, lived long, died, and been buried. The passages relating to Buddhism—its difference from and resemblance to Christianity—are written with a .genuine open-mindedness. It is clear that the author has studied the Buddhist religion, and is better acquainted with the subject than she has occasion to prove in so limited a space.
- Novels, The Saturday Review of Politics, Literature, Science and Art, Volume 76, page 302, September 9, 1893.
...
Mrs. Harcourt-Roe's "A Man of Mystery" is not a good specimen of her work. The character Felterman [sic], Bhuddist, enthusiast, and certainly more than half a maniac, is too improbable to enlist either sympathy or interest. As much may be said of the vacillating heroine, Rose Challoner. It is easy to understand the feeling of exasperation excited in honest Jack Ashworth by the "man of mystery," and many will be inclined to share in it.
- The Morning Post (London, England), Tuesday, September 05, 1893; pg. 6
The Scottish Law Review commented on the legal aspects of the rather strange denouement, in which a character charges himself with manslaughter:
English Fiction And Scottish Law.—Apropos of the article on this subject in the August number of the Review, the following excerpt from a review in the Glasgow Herald of 17th August may interest our readers:—
A Man of Mystery. By Mrs. Harcourt-Roe. (London: James Blackwood & Co.)—This is by way of being a remarkable novel; we have an altogether wonderful man as hero, who is something of a theosophist and a great deal of a charlatan, and of whom we are very tired before his rehabilitation when he dies in the odour of Christian sanctity. After his death the one fairly sensible man in the book up to that point charges himself with the manslaughter of the "Man of Mystery," and then the authoress thoroughly enjoys herself in describing the trial. It must, indeed, have been a remarkable trial; for irregularity we have never known of a more remarkable. The counsel for the prosecution gives evidence on his own account, causing "great sensation in Court" (which we do not doubt); the witnesses' evidence meanders over all sorts of irrelevant matters, and the prisoner's counsel, not to be outdone, also enlivens the proceedings by his personal recollections of various interesting circumstances which come to his recollection. As it appears that the prisoner (who is himself a barrister), when charged, pleaded guilty, the jury's finding that he was guilty is not surprising, but what the judge can have been about we cannot imagine; perhaps he slept. At the end, however, his lordship rose nobly to the level of the counsel and witnesses, and triumphantly crowned the amazing proceedings by sentencing the criminal to "three months as a first-class misdemeanant." Mrs. Harcourt-Roe may not be a novel writer of the best, but as a legal humourist it is difficult to excel her. Lawyers will, indeed, find her concluding chapters a feast of fat things.
- The Scottish Law Review and Sheriff Court Reports, Volume 9, 1893 [quoting in full the review from the Glasgow Herald, Thursday, August 17, 1893].
A Man of Mystery can be read at, or downloaded from, the British Library website: BLL01014828478 (click I want this for links to the PDF viewer options).

• The Naval Officer's Mistake: a story of war and peace (1894)
Novel "by Mrs. Harcourt-Roe" serialised over seven issues of the Hampshire Telegraph between March-April 1894. It was syndicated elsewhere, such as in the Sunderland Weekly Echo.
      The story concerns a romantic triangle comprising Marietta Franklin and her two rival suitors, the cousins Arthur Westmoreland (a naval officer) and Frank Heathcote (an army officer). Arthur is rather the better catch, and Marietta used to like him more. But she's engaged to Frank by default, Arthur having messed up his prospects ten years previously - this is the titular "mistake" - by a) having a silly argument with his uncle and being disinherited, and b) then whingeing to Marietta about it in a way that came across as unpleasantly money-obsessed. The novel follows how all this plays out.
      The novel is very heavy on exposition and drawing-room conversations, but it'll be of local interest to readers familiar with Portsmouth, the Solent and the Isle of Wight, as Mrs Harcourt Roe makes undisguised use of these settings.
      The instalment dates were: March 10, 1894; March 17, 1894; March 24, 1894; March 31, 1894; April 7, 1894; April 14, 1894; and April 21, 1894. I read it via the 19th Century British Library Newspapers database; the whole set will come up if you do an internal text search for "naval officer's mistake". If you have a Devon library ticket or an Athens account you can log on remotely; otherwise you'll need to enquire at your own library/institution about access methods.

• The Silent Room (1895)
(Skeffington, 1895). Novel. This one isn't findable online, but it looks an interesting Gothic psychological mystery. Treloar House is an isolated mansion, whose middle-aged mistress has a repeated compulsion to go to a particular room at night, emerging in a traumatised state. Eventually, she pays a down-at-heel young man a large sum of money to take her place. The explanation, the reviews indicate, is to do with mesmerism.
The title of Mrs. Harcourt Roe’s story … suggests mystery, and it does not belie the expectations aroused by its name. It is drenched in mystery. Treloar Hall is a lonely mansion surrounded by neglected grounds. Its mistress is a middle-aged unmarried woman, direct of speech, abrupt of manner, addicted to rising in the dead of night and making her way to a remote room, in which she remains for hours, and from which she emerges with face “white and bloodless” and lips “that seemed glued together.” Chance causes the lady to meet Godfrey Wilkinson, a young man ruined in fortune. She bribes him with large sums of money to take her place in the mysterious chamber. What is the nature of those vigils is the secret of the Silent Room. We shall not disclose that secret. The author knows how to stimulate curiosity and keep it wakeful to the end.
- Novels, Daily News (London, England), Wednesday, June 5, 1895. 
But The Literary World is far less coy about what's going on - and it turns out that the mistress of Treloar is the perpetrator, not the victim, of the Silent Room's secret. The reference to Westminster Aquarium - an entertainment venue - alludes to the then recent two-year run by the comedy mesmerist "Professor" TA Kennedy.
In The Silent Room ... the author has utilised the latest sensation at the Westminster Aquarium as the leading idea. We are first introduced to a young gentleman who is very much on his last legs, and seems to have nothing before him save suicide or enlistment. He encounters temptation in the form of an old lady, who bribes him by splendid offers to aid her in a scheme by which she is keeping the rightful heiress out of her inheritance very much to the old lady's own advantage. It would be unfair to the author to detail the plot or the method in which it is carried out. Involving as it does a young and handsome girl, it is small wonder that the young man's wife, who is obtained as one of the results of his unexpected fortune, grows suspicious, and from the secrecy necessitated and the probings of a not too rigid conscience the hero soon sickens of his bargain. The wife conveniently dies, and his love is transferred to the object of his care and surveillance; but nothing comes of it, and a dreary succession of deaths ends the story. The Silent Room has some original features in plot and some weaknesses in construction; but the story being obviously intended for the enjoyment of a spare hour, hardly justifies the expenditure of adverse critical effort, and may be left for those who can still find the shilling shocker a satisfying form of literary recreation.
- The Literary World, Volume 51, March 29, 1895.

• The Romance of Mrs. Wodehouse (1896)
(Hutchinson & Company, 1896). Novel, by "Mrs. Harcourt-Roe".
The novel is a tapestry of the unsatisfactory family relationships of the Bayner family: Colonel Bayner at loggerheads with Mrs Bayner, who's a violent drunk, and their daughter Mabel caught unhappily between. All this is shaken up and resolved through the catalyst of the arrival of a Mrs. Wodehouse, who is Colonel Bayner's lover from the past.
      Followers of southern UK topographic references could find it of interest, as although the action is largely divided between London and a Yorkshire village called Tessle, it makes some very specific excursions to Portsmouth harbour and the HMS Victory, as well as to Exeter Cathedral and Yes Tor near Okehampton. (I'm wondering what, if any, Devon connection Mrs Harcourt Roe had, as her later The Sacrifice of Enid also has a Dartmoor location).
"The Romance of Mrs. Wodehouse" is an old lover, who lives near her, married to some one else, and a further and somewhat surprising development which it were unfair to mention here, as it is the keynote to the whole plot. It is a pleasant little book, and ends in the overpowering happiness of all the deserving characters.
- The Saturday Review of Politics, Literature, Science and Art, Volume 82, 7th November, 1896.
...
The Romance of Mrs. Wodehouse is another story which, by reason of its weak spots and insufficient handling, it is not possible to grow very enthusiastic over. At the outset we have a girl who is hated and maltreated by her mother for no better reason than that the marriage has been a loveless one on the part of the man, and that the child has a share of his love which she herself has never obtained. Early in the story a Mrs. Wodehouse — who is, we are assured, 'by no means perfect; a very woman, and, therefore, full of failings'— comes on the scene, and turns out to be an early lover of Mabel's father. After the somewhat irritating mystery of the woman with a fiend's temper and disposition, it is a relief when a gentlemanly young bagman appears on the scene and proceeds to make ample compensation to Mabel for the love that is lacking towards her on her mother's part. An elopement ensues, and the story proceeds to deal indiscriminately with the practical history of the young man, and the rising attachment between Mrs. Wodehouse and Colonel Bayner, ending up with a series of astounding revelations of parentage into which we have not space to go. As the matter is crude and amateurish, so is the telling frequently ungraceful, such phrasing as 'you do not evidently know my mother' for 'you evidently do not,'&c, lying continually in the way to irritate the mildest of sticklers for literary observances. To leave the story thus, with the added assurance that there are many readers who could find the family history of the Bayners of an absorbing nature, seems preferable and kinder to our mind than to damn it with the very faintest of faint praise.
- New novels & new edtions, The Literary World, Volume 54, page 327, October 23, 1896
...
“The Romance of Mrs. Wodehouse” … is at least the lady’s fifth novel, and, though the construction of the story is poor, the drawing of the characters even weak, the book has a naturalness that many far better ones lack, and the characters, even in their defects, give the reader the impression that they have been drawn from life. There are, too, some clever bits of observation and analysis scattered up and down its pages. The story itself drags occasionally, and seems to have been put together in a somewhat haphazard fashion, but it is interesting all the same. The heroine, if Mrs. Wodehouse is intended to fill that part, does not by any means monopolise the chief interest. That is given rather to the Rayner family. Colonel Rayner’s wife is a woman of violent and jealous temper, who ill uses her daughter to such an extent that that young lady’s elopement with the supposed commercial traveller, Denham Smith, is not surprising. Mr. Smith is a young man in the employment of a large firm of florists. By an accident he finds his way to the Rayner luncheon table, where he displays an unexpected knowledge of the manners of good society, and of Chateau Latite and Veuve Monnier. This is remembered against him afterwards in so offensive a speech that the Colonel, who is really an excellent fellow, never wholly recovers from it in the reader’s eyes, any more than he does in his son-in-law’s. The Admiral and the Flag Captain are drawn with clever and humorous touches, and so are kindly Mr. and Mrs. Barnes, whose behaviour to the very refined servant-of-all-work is admirable. As for the actual “romance,” it is the least successful and least pleasant part of the book; it is even a little preposterous. However, it all works in, everything ends happily, and the story, as a whole, is not bad reading.
- Some new novels, The Standard (London, England), Friday, November 13, 1896; pg. 6.
The Romance of Mrs. Wodehouse can be read at, or downloaded from, the British Library website: BLL01014828479 (click I want this for links to the PDF viewer options).

• "That Figure-head" (1901)
(Temple Bar, Vol. 124, page 517 D, 1901). Story, as "A Harcourt Roe". Spooky shipboard tale of a slaver, Wilson, who is haunted by the glaring eyes of his ship's figure-head after he and it are cursed by an African tribal magician he has mistreated.

• The Shadow of a Fear (1908) - unverified
Serial "accepted in the Chicago Daily News competition" according to a news item in the Literary, dramatic, and musical notes section of The Author, Vol. XVIII, June 1st, 1908. I haven't so far found this one; perhaps it was never used, or not used under that title.

• The Sacrifice of Enid (1909)
Novel in serial form "purchased by the Northern Newspaper Syndicate", according to the same The Author news item above. The Northern Newspaper Syndicate handled British newspaper syndication; it seems to have run in at least the Dundee Evening Telegraph and Hartlepool Mail. But it also turns up syndicated in Australia, where it ran over 13 issues in the Adelaide-based Observer in the summer of 1909.
      Its Devon setting has, I think, a bit of a thematic hat-tip to The Hound of the Baskervilles. It's a romantic melodrama set around a Dartmoor paper mill. Louise Ormonde has set her sights on Ronald Westlake, son of the mill owner. Jealous of his growing friendship with a young woman called Enid (who, for her own reasons, is going incognito as "Mary Williams"), Louise contrives to frame Ronald for aiding Enid's convict lover in escaping from Dartmoor Prison.

You can read it online via the National Library of Australia's Trove archive:
The Sacrifice of Enid. (1909, October 16). Observer (Adelaide, SA : 1905 - 1931). Retrieved May 23, 2015 from National Library of Australia Trove digitised newspaper database.


- Ray

"That Figure-Head."

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"That Figure-Head." is a short story by Mrs Harcourt Roe that originally appeared in 1901 in the London-based literary magazine Temple Bar. I was interested to read it while researching Mrs Roe's works, but ran into problems: it's not hosted anywhere straightforward, and there's a glitch with Google Books that for some reason makes it impossible to retrieve in full, even via the usual workaround of a proxy server (Poe springs to mind: "er lasst sich nicht lesen"). I couldn't resist the puzzle of hacking it by 'jigsaw method' from the Google Books snippet view.

Figurehead of
HMS Madagascar (1822)
Wikimedia Commons
GNU Free Documentation License
I don't find much need to do this any more, as so much research material is hosted accessibly via sites such as Hathitrust, The Internet Archive and the British Library, but it can be handy on occasion. You just expand known content by using Google Books to search at the edges of a known string to find what's adjacent - and then paste it together in a word processor document as you retrieve, with format guidance from the snippet view. It can need a bit of intelligent guesswork if Google Books refuses or doesn't show the extrapolation, but for something like an article or short story, it's neither wildly laborious nor wildly time-consuming.
      Anyhow, it worked, except for one page that's completely inaccessible. Maybe a broken source file is the problem? It proves, however, not to be a crucial segment. I'm 99.99% sure that the story is out of copyright. Temple Bar was British-published, and the author Mrs Harcourt Roe died in 1913, so we're well past the "lifetime of author plus 75 years" of UK copyright. Full credits, however, go to Google, whose scan was source data for the transcription.
      It's a very dark story: a claustrophobic psychological thriller aboard a becalmed ship off Central America, in a very racist era. The guilt-ridden captain, Wilson, encounters tribal magic - or it just his paranoia? - and finds himself drawn into a courtroom drama of the soul as he struggles to retain command of his ship, and of his own destiny.



“THAT FIGURE-HEAD”
by A. Harcourt Roe

Chapter I. The lonely bay
It was a lonely spot—horribly lonely. In the distance the high tablelands were traversed by mountain ridges, and overtopped by volcanic cones; but in the foreground there were flat oozy marshes and gigantic reeds, amongst which the water lapped sullenly. A dreadful stillness hung over the bay, which was landlocked save for a narrow entrance. The day had been sultry in the extreme, the sun—blood red—had set in a bank of grey mist. But towards midnight the haze lifted, and the stars shone out. At half-past twelve a large schooner slowly entered the bay, manned by a motley, foreign-looking crew. As they cast anchor the captain, who was a stalwart and handsome Englishman, exclaimed in a tone of alarm, “By Jove!”. For, her bow to the stern of his own vessel, lay the battered hulk of a dismasted three-decker, without a sign of life on board.
        She was absolutely motionless. To all appearance  To all appearance she might have been there for years; weeds encircled her hull, the anchor chain was rusted, but the figure-head, which represented a dark-skinned Asiatic, was perfect; there was not a touch of decay, apparently not even a scratch on the paint; the smooth cheeks glistened in the starlight, the dark eyes shone.
        “How in the world did she come here?” exclaimed the captain.
        “I suppose,” responded the chief mate, a tall, lanky, powerful American—“I suppose she has as much right to be here as we have; at the same time, it is a little awkward.”
        “Santon," said the captain, " I wish I had never gone in for this cursed business. It weighs on my mind morning, noon, and night."
    “But you have gone in for it, so there is an end of it. Tomorrow we must get aboard that old hulk to make sure it's all right."
        “We are a great deal too close to her for safety. Should a storm come up there would be a great risk.”
        "There won't be any storm to-night. I'm going to turn in; the lambs are safe enough."
        As Santon spoke a noise was heard, accompanied every now and then by groans. He ran below, and then shrieks resounded in the clear air.
        The captain paced the deck, his brow clouded. "I hate the whole business," he muttered, "and now I am completely in that devil Santon's power."
        He looked towards the hulk. Was it his imagination, or did the eyes of the figure-head gleam? It must be the moonlight shining on them. He was getting absurdly nervous. He walked up and down, faster and faster. But at each turn his gaze was fascinated by the figure-head; he could have sworn the eyes looked into his with malicious triumph.
        "By daybreak I board that hulk," he said. " Who would have thought of finding an old man-of-war in this, the very loneliest spot of Central America?”

Chapter II: The fetish man
Captain Wilson's sleep was troubled. His dreams were vivid, so vivid that in the morning he could not persuade himself that had not in the spirit visited the land of his visions.
        He thought that he was in the Congo country, where every house was stuck inside and out with fetishes. There were figures of men, their bodies covered with bits of iron, feathers, and old rags, looking like scarecrows. There were red, round balls of cloth, in which the priests had sewn a strong medicine ; there were strings of poison beans, padlocks with a cowrie set in them, iron-tipped poles,  birds’ beaks and claws, skins of snakes and leopards.
        In his sleep Wilson was conscious that he shared the faith of these people; he believed with them that idols and talismans averted ill luck, destroyed enemies, were of sovereign power. One fetish especially attracted his attention—a horrible figure carved in the crudest style, with misshapen limbs, enormous mouth and ears, staring round eyes. He dreaded this image even more than the figure-head with the calm handsome Asiatic features. As he gazed a party of natives came forward bowing low before the horrible fetish, and finally seating themselves on the ground. A tall man now advanced; his head-dress was of feathers, snakes hung from his girdle, a necklace encircled his throat. He began to dance until frenzy took possession of him; he

Missing segment: page 519, where Captain Wilson, having woken from his dream of the Congo and tribal magic, rows the schooner's dinghy over to investigate the derelict ship.
...
recall whether in former days men-of-war were ever sent to these regions. The captain's large cabins looked horribly desolate; what had been chintz hangings were partly devoured by rats, the furniture was piled up in the middle as if it had been ransacked. The wardrooms and gunrooms were in even worse condition.
        “Perhaps there was a storm and the crew took to the boats; perhaps the men mutinied; perhaps the ship got into this bay and could not get out again,” he mused. “Pshaw! Why should I trouble my head about what happened so many years ago?”
        But his heart stood still when he suddenly heard a loud noise as of a heavy body descending on the deck over his head. A cold dew broke out on his forehead, for some one was uttering words in a dialect totally unknown to him.
        He braced up his courage and called out "Who's there?"
        It was Sambo, his black servant, dripping wet. He had swum from the schooner.
        "Why do you dog my footsteps in this way?" asked the skipper. The black raised his arm and pointed down to the figure-head; no reply could have alarmed Wilson so much. “I will have an answer,” he said loudly.
        “In my own country I fetish man.”
        Leave the vessel this moment," Wilson exclaimed; "you can return in the same manner as you came, and if you go out of the schooner again without permission from me, Mr. Santon shall look after you."
        He meant no empty threat; there was not one amongst the ship's company that did not dread Santon, but on this occasion the black laughed and repeated, “In my own country I fetish man.”
        He jumped over the side as he spoke, and, with a sigh of relief, Wilson regained the dinghey. A few strokes of the oars brought him to his own vessel, but not before he had time to ponder over the sudden appearance of Sambo and ask himself what it meant especially in connection with his dream of the night before.
        “Hullo, Captain!” exclaimed Santon, “you look uncommon gloomy. What did you see yonder?”
        “Nothing at all. She is quite empty and deserted. But I will have the anchor up at once: we are too close, as I said last night; we must get away far as possible before we anchor again.”
        “It will be terrible waste of work,” rejoined the chief the chief mate; “we are only here for one day to get water, and we are safe enough for the present.”
        "I will have it done," returned the skipper in a tone that Santon knew admitted of no dispute, for he was now in a state of excitement and rage rare to him.
        At this moment Sambo clambered up the chains and appeared at the bow, ruining the appearance of the clean deck as he shook himself like a dog.
        Santon came forward and was about to use vile language, for the captain would never allow a rope's end to be used on his own servant, when to his astonishment Wilson called out, “Give him half a dozen for spoiling the look of the deck.”
        The order was obeyed, although Santon said at the conclusion of the punishment, “She isn’t a dandy yacht now, skipper.”
        Sambo bore the lashes in silence, but as he passed Wilson he said in a low voice, “Very good, Massa; I no forget.”

Chapter III: An awful warning
The crew went ashore, the casks were filled; the schooner would have gone on her way had this been possible. But there was not a breath of air. The haze of the day before hung over the bay, the stillness was even more brooding and intense, the heat was glaring. But in spite of the soft mist, as nightfall came on again the eyes of the figure-head began to glow and glare into those of Wilson; again the same unreasoning terror took possession of him. He called up Forbes, the second mate, who was as unimaginative man as ever lived.
        “Look at that figure-head and tell me if you see anything strange about it,” said the skipper.
        "The only thing I see strange about it is that it's a nigger; it's a disgrace to an English vessel to have a nigger figure-head," replied the second mate, replied the second mate, whose contempt for all coloured races was unbounded.
        "It isn't a nigger, it's a Hindu. Look again!”
        “One's as bad as another. No, I see nothing remarkable at all."
        As he turned away Sambo came forward, whispering in the captain's ear, "Some people like log of wood, they no see, they no hear. Dog know more than he.”
        He pointed to Wilson’s dog, who was trembling, his hair bristling in affright. “I tell you,” continued the man, “same devil in him as in fetish man in my country,” and once more pointed to the figure-head making some strange passes with his hands.
        “I tell you what it is, Sambo,” said Wilson, speaking in low suppressed tones, “I’m sorry I had you flogged this morning, for you have been a good servant to me; but if you go on in this way I will order you four dozen, and see that you get them, too."
        “If I hab four dozen four times over I say same thing,” Sambo rejoined before disappearing. Wilson looked up. He cold have sworn the eyes of the figure-head were flaming; the light reached his own as the rays of a candle reach those who regard it from a distance.
        The next day the same stillness prevailed, and the next day again. More water was obtained, but the schooner could not be moved. Wilson’s nerve had now completely given way; he ordered the sweeps to be manned, and said he would leave the bay. But to this course both Santon and Forbes strongly objected.
        "I know the coast," said the former, "and if there isn't a mighty storm brewing I know nothing. What chance do you suppose this craft would have on the coast outside? In here we are sheltered. Do you want to drown us all?”
        So the skipper withdrew his order, but all sleep had now left him. He spent the whole of the night on deck, his eyes seldom removed from the figure-head. An uncomfortable influence pervaded the vessel ; the men, who were mostly Catholics, muttered and crossed themselves; with the exception of the mates and Sambo, all were anxious to leave the bay. And each night the same groans and shrieks resounded from below.

Chapter IV: Retribution
Yet one more sultry day of oppressive calm, and then came a change. Instead of being bright blue, the water assumed a dull, dark, awful hue of green and grey. It was motionless, but the colour alarmed the men ; they said it looked as if the end of the world was at hand. Even those who know the sea well seldom observe this appearance more than once or twice in a lifetime, and both Santon and Forbes were uneasy. But the captain declared that he alone would keep watch throughout the entire night, and the mates went below. The figure-head was now menacing. At last Wilson could bear it no longer. As soon as all was quiet below he dropped over the side and swam to the hulk.
        His terror was so great that it gave him courage ; nothing could be worse than his present situation, he thought. He would endeavour to grapple with this demon and demand of him what he wanted.
        He ascended the deck with the calm of a man who feels that he has nothing further to lose, when once more a dreadful feeling overcame him. Something—It—some unseen Power was advancing towards him.
        “What do you want?” he managed to ask.
        “I want from you the lives of the men you have already murdered, the lives of those men and women you are now murdering.”
        “I have murdered no one,” said Wilson.
        “How about the men who died during the former infamous voyages of your vessel? You murdered them as surely as if you had been on board yourself, as surely as you are know murdering those poor wretches through want of air, bad food, and cruelty."
        "I abhor what I have done; I will release them," replied the skipper, the horror of that dim shapeless something overcoming him; "I have always hated what I was forced to do."
        "No man is forced to do evil. Restitution comes too late; you are a doomed man. Look yonder.”
        He looked. One of the volcanic mountains behind him was in eruption; there was a blaze of fire, a roar of thunder, then once more complete stillness.
        "Go back whence you came,” said the awful voice. “You are a doomed man.”
        Wilson needed no second command to return. He ran to the side, scrambling into the water he knew not how, and regained his own vessel. He called up the chief mate.
        "Santon," he said vehemently, " I will go to the nearest port and release these poor wretches."
        “And so sure as you do so I will put that forged bill into your father's hands, and I will ruin you with the girl you love and hope to marry.”
        “It was for her sake I did it," returned Wilson, "because I was in difficulties, and you tempted me, like the devil you are. Whatever the consequences to myself I now withdraw, for we are, as I was told just now, murderers.”
        “Who told you such rot?”
        But Wilson made no reply.
        “Cargo after cargo of these people have been taken and safely deposited, and are being made to work. We shall become enormously wealthy. The risk has been very great, but, allow me to remind you that although you took no part in the actual capture of the slaves and have not sailed with them before, everything has been done in your name. You are owner and master, and the law would punish you far more heavily than it would us.”
        “Let it; I will do as I have said.”
        “Then your name will be held up to execration throughout England; while if you hold your tongue and go on with the work you can retired in a year or two’s time as rich as Crœsus, and I will tear up the bill. I’ll do that now if you like and will promise to go on, for I know you keep your word. Your yacht came in uncommon handy and I owe you something.”
        “You know as well as I do that it is illegal to keep slaves.”
        “The law doesn’t come to the parts we settle in. Slaves, bless you? Hired servants, most comfortable and happy. You shall go on.”
        “I will sooner be hanged than do it,” retorted Wilson, whose courage had now returned. " I will get out of this place, and go to the nearest civilised port, set these men and women at liberty, and then and there tell all I know."
        "And hanged you will certainly be."
        But further parley was put an end to by a loud and awful explosion. The crew rushed on deck, the unhappy captives below shrieked. Sambo alone seemed unmoved; he stood in the bow, his eyes gleaming with joy.
        The volcano was spouting into the air a column of black smoke, fire, and an immense body of stones; the sea began to be troubled, the schooner trembled in every plank. The clothes of those on deck were soon white with fine ash, which fell on deck with a noise like the sprinkling of rain. There was blue vapour from the crater, sheets of flame, then a moment of stillness.
        Then a horrible phenomenon occurred. It was morning, but suddenly the vessel was enveloped in darkness. The crew, sure that the end of the world had come, sank on their knees, and began to utter such frenzied prayers as they could recall. Then a terrific cloud advanced from the sea, accompanied by a violent wind. The cloud became fiery red, thunder crashed, the lightning was awful. Rain fell in torrents, but it was no ordinary rain; it was brilliant red, and the men declared it was blood. The darkness had lifted, and on shore they could see the leaves and grass all stained crimson.
        "It is because of those people that died on the voyage," said the crew; "it is their blood.” They threw themselves on the deck in abject terror, but Wilson was calm, his face was grand in its resignation. “The hour has come,” he said, “ and it is better than being hanged or imprisoned for life."
        Then for a moment he thought yearningly of the girl he loved, of his old father who loved him, of his honoured name, and as he did so he glanced at the figure-head, which was calm and expressionless. The volcano was now sending forth streams of fire; with every burst loud crashes were heard. Suddenly there was a shock of earthquake, the sea began to upheave , enormous billows rolled in. The schooner broke from her moorings; she was caught in the edge of a whirlpool caused by the earthquake. Another loud crash, another violent shock, and the hulk, which had remained motionless for so long, broke loose also. Slowly both vessels began to spin round, then faster and faster. Sambo at the bow of one, the Asiatic at the bow of the other, apparently looked into one another's eyes ; the eyes of both were glowing. They were sucked further within the whirlpool, faster and faster they spun round, faster, faster still—then came a crash, and both sank into the same watery grave.

A. Harcourt Roe
(Originally published in Temple Bar, Vol. 124, page 517 D, 1901).

- Ray

More Holme Lee children's illustrations

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Further to Harriet Parr: bibliography, "Tuflongbo", and a dog's life, here are some more of the off-the-wall illustrations from the handful of 1860s children's fairytale books by the prolific Shanklin, Isle of Wight, novelist Parr (who wrote as Holme Lee).


These come from Legends From Fairy Land: Narrating The History Of Prince Glee and Princess Trill (and "the cruel persecutions and condign punishment of Aunt Spite, the adventures of the great Tuflongbo, and the story of the Blackcap in the Giant's Well"), London: Smith, Elder and Co, Internet Archive legendsfromfair00leegoog.
      The first of the Holme Lee books of distinctly allegorical fairytales, it was illustrated by H Sanderson in a style that might be described as 18th century Camp: very different from W Sharpe's weird mix of mediaeval and Highland ghillie for The Wonderful Adventures of Tuflonbo and His Elfin Company in Their Journey with Little Content Through the Enchanted Forest (1861) and Sanderson's very Victorian illustrations to Tuflongbo's journey in search of ogres (1862).


A Traveller Crossing the Sea to the Shores of Aplepivi


The Old Woman in the Hollow Tree and her Little Maid Idle

Aunt Spite in the Custody of Pierce, Deep and Keen

The Great Tuflongbo received at Elfin Court
by Muffin, Master of the Ceremonies

Prince Glee and Princess Trill meeting the stranger from the Country

Prince Glee and Tuflongbo Captured by the Giants

Battle of the Giants
All of the Tuflongbo images - he's an out-of-genre explorer character I've described previously as a kind of elfin Allan Quatermain - were recycled in the collected edition of Parr's Tuflongbo stories: Holme Lee's Fairy Tales (London: Frederick Warne & Co., New York: Scribner, Welford & Co., 1869, Internet Archive holmeleesfairyt00leegoog).

- Ray

Mrs. Disney Leith: bibliography

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Another annotated bibliography with an Isle of Wight connection: Mrs. Disney Leith is one of the several names in the literature for the Scottish author Mary Charlotte Julia Leith (née Gordon, 1840-1926) a.k.a. Mary Gordon a.k.a. "M. C. J. L." a.k.a. Mary Leith. Her chief route into history is as the first cousin of the poet Swinburne, who she corresponded with, and later recalled in memoirs.

Mrs Disney Leith
CJ Arnell's Poets of the Wight (1933)
See Poets of the Wight (7 February 2013)

A brief biography from the Times obituary:
MRS. DISNEY LEITH
A LINK WITH SWINBURNE
Mrs. Disney Leith, who died yesterday at her residence at Niton, Isle of Wight, from pneumonia, at the age of 85, was a cousin and friend with Swinburne, who was only three years older. She published, in 1917, some personal recollections of the poet’s boyhood, with extracts from his private letters, which are of real biographical interest and value. More than 60 years ago he had contributed a morality play to one of her books.
      Mrs. Leith was Mary Charlotte Julia Gordon, only daughter of the late Sir Henry Percy Gordon, F.R.S., second and last baronet of Northcourt, Isle of Wight. Her mother was Lady Mary, youngest daughter of the third Earl of Ashburton, and sister of Lady Jane, who was the mother of Algernon Charles Swinburne. She as married in 1865 to General Robert William Disney Leith, C.B., of Glenkindle and Westhall, Aberdeenshire. This gallant officer served in the Persian Gulf in 1838 to 1841, and led the forlorn hope at Mooltan in 1849, when the fortress fell to British attack. He lost an arm in that action, but saw further active service in the suppression of the Indian Mutiny. He died in 1892.
      For many years Mr. Leith had been known as a writer. To her story called “The Children of the Chapel,” that is, the choirboys of the Chapel Royal, published in March, 1864, Swinburne contributed a morality play, entitled “The Pursuit of Pleasure,” but without including his name as author. She wrote other stories, including “A Black Martinmas,” “Champion Sandy,” and “Lachlan’s Widow,” but probably her best was “Auld Fernie’s Son,” in which she made effective use of the racy Scots tongue. She was fond of visiting Iceland, and translated much modern Icelandic poetry and prose, also writing books descriptive of the wild coast scenery of the island and the lives of the fisher folk. When she was 70 years old, she bathed in the Arctic Sea from the shore of Iceland. Mrs Leith illustrated many of her books with her own drawings, and she was also an accomplished musician.
- Obituaries, Mrs. Disney Leith, The Times (London, England), Saturday, Feb 20, 1926; page 14.
An Isle of Wight County Press account adds:
Mrs. Disney Leitch, when she was over 60 years of age, rode 300 miles across Iceland on a pony, and the Vectensians now stationed there will be able to judge what a feat of endurance that was for a lady of her age. She also bathed in the Arctic Sea from Iceland when over 70. Mrs. Disney Leith was in Iceland when the last war broke out, and the vessel on which she returned was escorted by destroyers.
- IWCP, Saturday, July 12, 19417, page 3, (reproduced as fair usage, Isle of Wight County Press Archive archive.iwcp.co.uk).
Mrs Disney Leith's works divide more or less into a) a creditable body of Icelandic translation and very readable Iceland travel writing; b) independent works including poetry and novels, many with ecclesiastical or Scottish settings; and c) in late life, dining out on what appears to be a bowdlerised version of her relationship with Swinburne before she married General Leith. (Bowdlerised in the sense that many respectable accounts have suggested that she encouraged Swinburne's sadomasochistic interests via their enciphered correspondence, and noted that her earlier novels repeatedly feature flagellation). Even without this sensational aspect, it seems unfortunate that her other work - notably her Icelandic travel and translation - has been overshadowed by her relatively small output of Swinburne hagiography.

Ad for the AD Innes editions
The Episcopal Church in Scotland
Year Book for 1899
I compiled my list from various sources including Internet Archive, Hathitrust, OCLC WorldCat, British Library, British Books in Print, and Halkett's Dictionary of Anonymous and Pseudonymous English Literature; and verified it primarily against this paper ...
POWNEY, Janet; MITCHELL, Jeremy. A Forgotten Voice: Moral Guidance in the Novels of Mary Gordon (Mrs. Disney Leith), with a Bibliography. The Victorian, [S.l.], v. 2, n. 1, mar. 2014. ISSN 2309-091X. Available at: <http://journals.sfu.ca/vict/index.php/vict/article/view/82>. Date accessed: 26 May. 2015. 
... which is currently the best single annotated bibliography for Mrs Disney Leith (and it's online under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License). However, I thought the exercise worth re-doing for the addition of online sources (where they exist); the inclusion of a spot more colourful detail from contemporary blurbs and reviews; and the general freedom for digression and crossover that a blog allows compared to an academic paper.



BIBLIOGRAPHY: MRS. DISNEY LEITH

Mark Dennis; Or, The Engine-driver. A Tale of the Railway (London: Rivingtons, 1859)
Novel. Identified by credit: "To A.S. the following tale is inscribed by her affectionate cousin, M.C.J.G."
There's a deliciously hostile review in The Literary Gazette.
“Mark Dennis” appears to be an early—if not actually the first—publication of a lady, who is introduced to the reading world by the advice and under the sanction of a clergyman. The story is, therefore, as may be concluded, unexceptionable in taste, and of a style of morality which will render it acceptable to all teachers and trainers of the young. Beyond this the design and enterprise of the writer do not aspire; though here and there we trace, or fancy we trace, symptoms of deeper feeling and observation than have ventured to make themselves manifest in these retiring pages. Should the authoress again resolve to appear in print, we would suggest to her to throw more light and shade into her pictures, to break the placid flow of narrative with more incident, and rather to paint her engine-drivers and the ir wives from the life, than to present tame ideals of good men and women. Such conversations, also, as that at page 142 should be avoided, consisting mainly of "How d'ye do's?" and "Very well, thank you's;""What's become of Nep?""Ah! poorfellow! hedied.""Really? Poor dog! What did he die of?""I think it must have been of old age." The reader, athirst for excitement, of course begins to think that the dog has been maliciously poisoned by an immoral character for some occult purpose. Not a bit of it. That is the truth and the whole truth—at p.20 the dog is found lying across the threshold, basking in the rays of the evening sun, and at p.142 his fate is recorded as above. That is all. Now, is this incident worth writing, composing, correcting, printing, with notes of interrogation and admiration, and publishing by Messrs. Rivington? Indeed, were this particular page a fair or ordinary specimen of the whole book, we might have doubted the discretion of the clerical friend who suggested the publication. But there is really much more. The death of the hero of the tale, though mournful, has interest enough to atone for long tracts of level writing, and among the causes of the railway accident, vaguely hinted, we observe the conception of motives which might have given a guilty origin to the fatal collision. But from carrying out this idea, wih its consequences, the resolution of the writer appears to have shrunk, and at this we need not be surprised. We would further pray the authoress to eschew all aims at supporting small conventional moralities, such as the impropriety of poor people calling their children by the same Christian names as their betters, as though "Amelia" were by some divine right of more aristocratic significance than "Jane." Where is the line to be drawn, as the barber suggests in "Nicholas Nickleby?" Is "Amelia" not to go below bakers? Considering also that there was a Princess "Amelia" not long ago, the name is, by the same reasoning, as far above Mrs. Forster's rank in society, as that estimable lady was inferior to Mrs. Dennis. We hope, however, to find the author of "Mark Dennis" engaged hereafter upon sorao more important points of social improvement, and adhering to a closer delineation of the life and manners of the upper working class of society, which seems to have engaged (and most worthily so) her sympathy and attention.
- New novel, The Literary Gazette, No, 34, New Series, February 19th, 1859
Online: Google Books L0dWAAAAcAAJ.

The Children of the Chapel (London: J. Masters, 1864, London: Chatto & Windus, 1910)
Novel, credited as "By the Author of Mark Dennis". The 1910 edition credits a segment to Swinburne: "including The Pilgrimage of Pleasure, a morality play by Algernon Charles Swinburne".
      This is a historical novel set from 1559 onward, and is set among the choristers of the Chapel Royal, in an era when it had the power to conscript boys from local churches, and the novel's protagonist is one such victim.
A charmingly written tale, The Children of the Chapel, by the author of The Chorister Brothers, was published by Joseph Masters in 1864. It recounts the experiences of Arthur Savile, who is represented as one of the boys impressed by "Thomas Gyles," and by whom he is subjected to much brutal treatment. Gyles is erroneously described as Master of the Children of the Chapel Royal, and is thus confused with his son Nathaniel.
- A History of English Cathedral Music, 1549-1889 (John Bumpus, London: T Werner Laurie, 1908, Internet Archive historyofenglish01bumpuoft).
I'm not sure how Bumpus manages to read both "brutal treatment" and "a charmingly written tale" into the same text. The biographical and bibliographical issue is that right from the start, The Children of the Chapel sets the scene for repeated scenarios of flagellation in the early works of Mrs Disney Leith.

Online: childrenchapelb00leitgoog (1864) orchildrenofchapel00leituoft (1910).

The Chorister Brothers: A Tale (London: J. Masters, 1867)
Novel. Unidentified author, as "By the Author of The Children of the Chapel".
We strongly recommend The Chorister Brothers ... as one of the best books for young people which have appeared for a long time,—the story is very interesting, the natural and lifelike, and the truest and best principles are taught with all the earnestness and simplicity of a thoroughly refined and devout mind.
- Reviews and notices, The Churchman's Companion, pages 88-9, 1869

...
The Church press continues to teem with religious tales. A new one, entitled The Chorister Brothers (London: Masters) is equal in interest and ability to the usual run of such publications, and will no doubt be especially acceptable to boys who may be choristers themselves. Some of the characters are very life-like and well drawn, and not quite so unreal and Utopian as often is the case in these kind of stories, while the principles enunciated are true and sound.
- Literary Notices, The Union Review: A Magazine of Catholic Literature and Art, J.T. Hayes, Volume 5, page 423.
...
The story is told with liveliness and simplicity, and we follow it with interest to the end. The manner is much more than the matter in this sort of books, and in this instance the manner is very good."—Guardian (regular selective quote in advertisement)
Online: no.

The Incumbent of Axhill: a sequel to the "Chorister brothers." (London: J. Masters and Co., 1875)
Novel. Author uncredited, but identified by the subtitle as author of The Chorister Brothers.
      A novel about the social and romantic complications of religious differences, when a London-trained Anglo-Catholic minister is assigned to the rural village of Axhill, where they view such a stance as "ritualism and Popery". This, it should be remembered, is more or less the era of Trollope's Barsetshire series, which explored very similar territory. The action later moves to a Northern indusrial town.
Online: digitised copy available from the Bodleian Library, via Europeana 014173193.

A Martyr Bishop, and Other Verses (London: J. Masters and Co., 1878)
Anthology of largely religious poetry. By the author of "Chorister brothers," etc.
      The backstory to the title poem is very interesting: the "martyr bishop" is John Coleridge Patteson (1827-1871), who was killed by local people on Nukapu, Solomon Islands, 20 September 1871. He had been involved in work to suppress 'blackbirding' - trade in slaves run as quasi-legal recruitment of indentured workers - and the theory at the time was that he had been mistaken for a blackbirder. However, Kolshus and Hovdhaugen (2010), on the basis of examining oral history and mission documents, have suggested alternatives: either that he was killed as a missionary, because of resentments over missionaries taking children away to remote mission schools; or that he'd made some major social blunder (cf. Jack Vance's The Moon Moth) by breaking norms such as patriarchal hierarchy or rules of precedence when gift-giving.
      The first poem in the anthology commemorates Patteson; the second the return mission of the ship Southern Cross to the scene; and the third the death of the Rev. Joseph Atkin, who died of arrow wounds sustained in the same incident (see transcript Project Canterbury / In Memoriam. Joseph Atkin).
Online: Internet Archive amartyrbishopan00leitgoog.

Auld Fernies' Son: a story in five parts (London: J Masters, 1881)
Novel. By the author of "Chorister brothers,""The Incumbent of Axhill,"&c.
This seems to us an advance on the author's former writings. It is a very quiet story of middle-class life in Scotland ; the hero the agent for an agricultural company, and son to a farmer, one heroine being of the same stamp, the other a dressmaker. Goodness and refinement of feeling make Edmund Allardyce and Isobel Donald a true gentleman and lady, and their Scotch tongues, manners, and customs carry us through a good deal that possibly might seem tedious and commonplace if it were in plain English. The troubles of a choir in a small Episcopal Chapel are very well described, and it is about a harmonium in playing which neither is a great proficient, that poor faithful Isie learns to view Edmund as the noblest of mankind; while he, poor fellow, has given his whole honest heart to a far less worthy love. His constancy, almost in spite of himself, is the main object of the story, which is a delightful one and ought to charm all those who do not call for much incident, or for that species of truthfulness that delights in the grotesque and ugly, rather than the tender and noble. There are those who may think the tale long, for there is more in this one volume than in many three-volume novels, but the story is so like living with good people, that we could not weary of it.
- Notices, The Literary Churchman and Church Fortnightly, February 18, 1881, page 78.
Minor typographic peeve: bibliographic sources repeatedly 'correct' the title to Auld Fernie's Son. In the book, the nickname of the titular character Mr. Allardyce is actually "Fernies", so the apostrophe placement in Auld Fernies' Son is correct.
Online: Internet Archive auldferniessonb00leitgoog.

Ruthieston: some notes by a brother and sister (London: Walter Smith (late Mozley), 1882)
Novel. By the author of 'The Chorister Brothers,", "Auld Fernies' Son," etc. etc.
This is one of the several novels by Mrs Leith examining the personal and romantic conflicts arising from the division between mainstream and nonconformist churches, in this case via the situation of an English clergyman in a Scottish village. Apparently this is supposed to be for a younger readership.
Although a High Church clergyman is the hero of the story, it is interesting to readers of every denomination, and describes the lives of a young English clergyman and his sister, who were stationed at "Ruthieston." a small Scotch village. Characters of almost ever denomination appear in its pages.
- Books for the young, The Literary News, Volume 7, January 1886, page 26.
...
This is a story of an English clergyman who has taken a cure in a little Scottish town. The first half of the narrative is supposed to be his own, the second to be his sister's. It is altogether very characteristic and interesting as a picture of the work of the struggling Scottish Church. The mixture of ranks is to our notions rather perplexing. The clergyman lodges in the post-office together with the agent son of a wholesale dealer in coals, Joseph Macaldowie, the hero of the tale in fact. Both go together to a pic-nic given by the county people of the neighbourhood, and are accompanied by an exceedingly second-rate lady with an artist niece, who makes violent love to Mr Macaldowie. He on his part is in love with Tibbie, niece to the post-mistress, but daughter of a substantial farmer. The character and story of Tibbie are very touching and full of interest, and there is much that is instructive in the picture of the working of the Scottish Church in this remote parish. We greatly recommend the book, and to those who have complained of the dialect of 'Auld Fernie's Son' we would say that the Scotch when spoken is not so broad, nor is there nearly so much of it as in that very pretty story.
- The Literary Churchman and Church Fortnightly, Vol. 28, September 1st, 1882, pages 352-3.
Online: Internet Archive ruthiestonbyaut00leitgoog.

Like his own daughter: a story (London: Walter Smith (late Mozley), 1882)
Novel. By the author of "The Chorister Brothers,""The Incumbent of Axhill,"&c.
Online: Internet Archive likehisowndaugh00leitgoog.

From over the Water: a story of two promises (London: Walter Smith (late Mozley), 1884)
Novel. By the author of "The Chorister Brothers,""Like His Own Daughter," etc etc.
This is a novel set in twin locations: the Isle of Wight (in the fictional "old world village" of Cheveley) and the North of Scotland (in the equally fictional Ardhill). .
In no part of southern England is the hand of spring more lavish, her reign more beneficient and genial, than in that sea-girt tract—so narrowly divided from the mainland, yet in all its attributes so essentially and unconquerably insular—whose primrose-garlanded knolls, and violet-sprinkled banks, and greenest fields shining and twinkling with cowslips, buttercups, and daisies, have deservedly gained for it the appellation of the “Garden Isle.”
- opening paragraph, From over the Water
The story, as far as I can tell from a skim, is another examining issues of the divide between mainstream Church and nonconformist "Chapel", both in the Isle of Wight and in Scotland.
Online: Internet Archive fromoverwaterby00leitgoog.

Rufus: a story in three books (London: J Masters and Co., 1886)
Novel. By the author of "The Chorister Brothers."
The advertisement in The Standard (Tuesday, July 14, 1896; pg. 9) describes Rufus, Nora’s Friends and Under Cliff as “Popular Tales, the Scenes of which are laid in the Isle of Wight”.
"Rufus is an Isle of Wight fisherman who falls in love with a pretty little Scotch girl" (desc. from Literary Churchman).
Online: no.

Nora's Friends: Or, a Little Girl's Influence. A Story for the Young (London: J. Masters and Company, 1889)
Novel. By the author of "The Chorister Brothers", also set in the Isle of Wight.
“Every girl who can appreciate a capital sketch of one like herself will enjoy following the life history of Nora in these pages—Bookseller
Avowedly designed for the young, it might with advantage be read by many who could hardly lay claim to juvenility. It teaches in an indirect way and in the course of an engaging narrative many lessons of forbearance, selfdenial, gentleness of manner, and goodness of disposition which may profitably be laid to heart.—Aberdeen Journal
- selective blurbs from ad in Tib and Sib: A Story for Children, Stella Austin, J. Masters, 1892
 Online: no.

Under Cliff.  A sequel to Nora’s Friends (London: J Masters, 1890)
Novel. By the author of “The Chorister Brothers."
The third of this trio set in the Isle of Wight.
Nora's charming disposition is further developed in this excellent story, which with all the interest of a novel is full of good and profitable reading. The numerous characters are well drawn, and both old and young will follow their old friend's career with pleasure and instruction.”—Church Times
In this volume the subsequent movements of Nora are set forth, and man good lessons are put before the reader. It is altogether a story which 'will enhance the writer's reputation.—John Bull
To those who have perused the original work we can heartily recommend this new one as an interesting and pleasantly written sequel.—Stationery and Bookselling
- selective blurbs from ad in Tib and Sib: A Story for Children, Stella Austin, J. Masters, 1892
Online: no.
 
Trusty in Fight: Or, the Vicar's Boys. A Story
(London: J Masters, 1893)
Novel. By the author of “The Chorister Brothers."
With a frontispiece. This is a very good story of home life, which should find many readers; the various children are well described, and their doings interestingly set forth by the anonymous author.
- The Publishers' Circular and Booksellers' Record of British and Foreign Literature, Sampson Low, Marston & Company, 1893, Volume 59, 1893
... a long and somewhat shapeless familt history; it begins at no particular point, ans there seems to be no reason why it should ever end. The vicar has ten children, whose trivial lives and misfortunes are chronicled at great length and with much detail. The story, though dull, is quite harmless, and may find some readers.
- Books for the Young, The Athenæum, No. 3460, February 17, 1894
Like The Children of the Chapel, Trusty in Fight has been remarked upon in a number of critical commentaries as a "flagellation novel"; and furthermore one with relationships and characterisation highly applicable to those of Algernon Swinburne. See, for instance, Swinburne in Love: Some Novels by Mary Gordon, FAC Wilson, Texas Studies in Literature and Language, Vol. 11, No. 4 (Winter 1970), pp. 1415-1426, whose author comments that
... Mary was not much of a novelist, and we shall see that the stories tend to be thinly fictionalized reworkings of events that had come her way in real life ...
Online: no.


The stories of Thorwald the far-farer, and of Bishop Isleif (London: J Masters, 1894)
Translation from the Icelandic of Gunnlaugur Leifsson, "by the author of The Chorister Brothers".
See the 1895 The Stories of the Bishops of Iceland.
Online: no.

Original Verses and Translations (London: J Masters, 1895)
By Mrs. Disney Leith, author of "The Chorister Brothers," etc.
Comprising: 1. Miscellaneous Verses; 2. Ballads; 3. In Memoriam Verses; 4. Songs from the Sagas; 5. Translations from Modern Icelandic Poets. A quick skim finds one or two Isle of Wight topics: The Wreck of the 'Sirenia,' March 1888, and Shorwell Spire.
Mrs. Disney Leith has long been known among her friends and neighbours as a writer and thinker, but hitherto we believe most of her writings … have been published for private circulation alone.

Mrs. Disney Leith, who is just now at Northcourt [Isle of Wight], where she passes the winter, resides during the summer months at Westhall, Oyne, where her natural kindliness of heart has endeared her to the tenants. Her largeness of heart and intellect is fully displayed in the volume before us; and as we read we have presented to us the inmost imaginings of one who has been trained to both think and feel.

We congratulate Mrs. Disney Leith on the excellent work she has produced. Aberdeen cannot boast of many poets of high merit among her sons and daughters, and our patriotic feelings make use proud to count among our number the talented authoress of the volume of verses before use. One piece"Our Vicar's Son," a soldier’s letter (a true episode of the Kaffir Warpossesses a melancholy interest in the light of recent events in South Africa.
- Literature, Aberdeen Weekly Journal (Aberdeen, Scotland), Monday, January 6, 1896.
Online: Internet Archive originalversestr00leit.

Stories of the Bishops of Iceland (London: J Masters, 1895)
Translated from the Icelandic "Biskupa sögur" by the author of "The Chorister Brothers."
This is actually the same text as the earlier The stories of Thorwald the far-farer, and of Bishop Isleif (ref: Halkett, Dictionary of Anonymous and Pseudonymous English Literature).
Online: Hathitrust catalog record only 100654437.

Three Visits to Iceland: Being Notes Taken at Sea and on Land (London: J Masters, 1897)
cover from British Library PDF
"Comprising a Pilgrimage to Skalholt, and Visits to Geysir and the Njala District" .. "With a translation of J. Hallgrimsson's Gunnar's Holm".
"Nothing from the pen of Mrs Disney Leith can fail to be interesting. She is an admirable observer of man and manners, and has a wonderful power of assimilating the ideas of the people around her. Hence the charm of her fascinating narrative of her visits to Iceland. She has described the people and the natural features of the island with a graphic pen, and since the death of William Morris, probably knows as much of the language and literature of Iceland as any one now living in the British Isles. This knowledge will be found embodied in some excellent translations from the Icelandic, which form a valuable appendix to the book. There are numerous illustrations, and the altogether the book is deserving of the highest praise.
- Literature, Aberdeen Weekly Journal, Monday, July 12, 1897.
Online: Three Visits to Iceland can be read at, or downloaded from, the British Library website: BLL01014815806 (click I want this for links to the PDF viewer options).

Iceland (London: Adam & Charles Black, 1908)
Children's book in A&C Black's "Peeps at Many Lands" series, illustrated "with twelve water-colour illustrations by M.A. Wemyss and the author".
Illustrations: A Dairy Maid / High Street, Reykjavik / An Icelandic Horsewoman / A Farm / Great Geysir in Eruption / Seogaposs / A Hay Carrier / The Ewe Pen / A Fair Icelander in Ordinary Dress / A Girl in Holiday Dress / An Iceand Pony / Gullfoss.
Online: Internet Archive iceland00leitgoog or iceland01leitgoog.

Champion Sandy: a story ( Aberdeen: A. Murray ; Dumfries: R. G. Mann, 1910).
Novel. "With three illustrations by E. Earle".
A Scottish-set story in which a couple marry despite religious differences.(Presbyterian vs. Episcopalian).
Online: no.

The Boyhood of Algernon Charles Swinburne (The Contemporary Review Vol. 97, April 1910, page 385).
Along with poem A Year’s Mind.
This was a collection of recollections and letters that Mrs Leith later expanded into the 1917 book editions. It's the first source to bring to light Swinburne's letter describing his (unverified) climb of the chalk Culver Cliff to prove to himself his physical fitness. She writes ...
Years after he described it to me by letter, and I think it is only fair to give it as far as possible in his own words, prefacing that Culver Cliffthe great white promontory to the S.E. of the Isle of Wightis about as unassailable to ordinary mortals as any of our island ramparts.
... and Culver gets a mention towards the end of her poem:
The fame he craved not, courted not, abides,
The songs he sang shall hardly pass away
While Culver's stark white steep withstands the tides,
Or little children in the Landslip play
As once he played there: eve and crystal dawn
Seem goodlier now on shore and sea and lawn
That hence such music and such might were drawn.

But fairer than the light on field and foam,
And brighter than his fame which fills the land,
His love of kindred and his love of home
And all things true and beautiful, shall stand
Immortal; and the mists of pain and gloom
Approach not, nor shall mar the fadeless bloom,
Of Love that hallows and that guards his tomb.
- A Year's Mind. , section quoted in Aberdeen Journal Notes and Queries, Vol. 6, 1913, page 40, Internet Archive aberdeenjournaln1913aber.
See JSBlog previously: Swinburne, Culver climber (19th November, 2010); Over Culver to Shanklin (6th November, 2011); and Bonchurch: and a singer asleep (21st September 2012).

A Black Martinmas: A Story (London: Lynwood, 1912)
Novel - "a Romance of Scottish Village Life, by Mrs. Disney Leith".
Its heroine Mollie is of "rather unusual height" (Victorian Poetry, Volume 9, 1971) and
... often regretted that she had not been born a boy. Hers was one of those girl-natures which have a good deal of the boy or man in their composition . . . neither a tomboy nor a hoyden, she cared for and sympathised with the aims and pursuits of men, while those of women, as such, did not actually appeal to her.
- Black Martinmas
But despite these unpromising traits
Molly is the daughter of a North Country grieve [a manager or farm steward] who is wooed by a widowed gardener with four children, and finds in him the love of her life. The story is simply and naturally told, and indeed is much more like human life than such novels usually are.
- The Review of Reviews, Volume 47, 1913, page 98
Online: no.

Lachlan's Widow (London: Lynwood & Co., 1913)
Novel. "A Scottish romance ... a  sequel to A Black Martinmas".
"pleasant domestic story brightly written"
- Hull Daily Mail, 25th March 1914
...
This is a very simple, rather goody-goody story of Aberdeenshire country folk, somewhat full of dialect which can have little interest to any but Scottish people. Lachlan's widow married him on his deathbed, took charge of her three step- children, and returned home to manage her father's household. Then came a woman, whom the widow's father eventually married, to upset the peace of the home, and eventually Mollie Lachlan married again—the lover of her girlhood. Before this happened, however, she assisted in smoothing out her brother's love affair, and refused the young Scots “meenister” who very cautiously allowed himself to become in love with her. We take leave of her at a point when all promises well for her future, and since the story gives us some good insight to her character, we wish her all success and trust that her second husband will have less trouble with the dialect she speaks than we had.
      The book is not innocent of weak grammar; it is avowedly a sequel to the authoress’ “Black Martinmas,” though in justice it must be said that there is no harking back to the interests of the previous story. Still, it shares the usual fate of sequels in that its author seems unable to work up a creative interest; we are able to feel the identities only of Mollie, the widow, and of Midge, the little girl of whom we would fain have seen more. The rest of the characters are shadowy folk, and the book is likely to be popular only among such readers as like a homely tale which makes slight demands on their imaginative and intellectual capabilities.
- The Academy and Literature, Volume 85, Odhams Limited, 1913, page 814
Online: no.

Algernon Charles Swinburne (New York and London: G.P. Putnam's Sons, The Knickerbocker Press, 1917)
"Personal recollections by his cousin Mrs. Disney Leith, with extracts from some of his private letters".
Illustrations: A.C. Swinburne, Ætat 25 / East Dene, Bonchurch / Rear-Admiral C.H. Swinburne / The Lady Jane Swinburne / Miss Alice Swinburne / Swinburne's Handwriting and Autograph, 1860 / Miss Isabel Swinburne / Swinburne's Handwriting and Autograph, 1907 228
Online: Internet Archive algernoncharles00swingoog.

The boyhood of Algernon Charles Swinburne (London: Chatto & Windus, 1917)
"Personal recollections by his cousin Mrs. Disney Leith, with extracts from some of his private letters".Different compilation of same material as previous title.
Online: Internet Archive boyhoodofalgerno00swin or boyhoodofalgerno00leituoftorboyhoodofalgerno00swinuoft.

Northern Lights and Other Verses  (London: Arthur L Humphreys, 1920)
Verse comprising a Northern Lights collection focusing on a journey from Scotland to Iceland, and Verses: various on mixed themes.
Online: full view via Hathitrust 009408822.

And that is mostly it. I'm pleased to have independently arrived at nearly the full set as identified by Powney and Mitchell, except for a final batch of articles/monographs that I doubt I've have found. These include:
  • Hvit the Fosterling, Monthly Packet (The Monthly Packet of Evening Readings for Younger Members of the English Church), London: John and Charles Mozley, Volume 27, February 1864, page 179, Google Books rmkJAAAAQAAJ). This is an anonymous retelling of elements of the Gísla saga, its authorship identified in 2003 by Helen Schinske, librarian and editor in Seattle, Washington, via a reference in the correspondence between the Packet editor, Charlotte Yonge, and the Reverend Algernon Wodehouse ("I shall be delighted to see another story of Miss Gordon's. I am in hopes that her icelandic one will appear in the Packet in February or March" - The Princeton University Library Chronicle, Volume 62, Issue 3, 2003).
  • Iceland Ponies. The Stable, 4 Feb. 1899. - some very obscure horse-y magazine. I haven't even been able to verify its existence as a publication; maybe it's a mountweazel.
  • Notes on some Icelandic Churches, Saga-Book of the Viking Society for Northern Research. IV, 1904-05 (see Index to Saga-Book Volumes 1-23,  JAB Townsend, Viking Society for Northern Research, University College London, 1999) .
  • A series of monographs on Icelandic topics in The Scottish Standard Bearer - "an illustrated monthly magazine for Scottish Churchmen" (in fact, for Scottish Episcopalians) including:
    "The Children of Lund", "A Visit to the Waterfalls of Southern Iceland.", "The Children of Thingvellir", "With Royalty at Thingvellir: the King of Denmark in Iceland", "Tryppa-Gisli: A Reykjavik Character" and "Climb to the Crater of Hekla".
See Powney and Mitchell, as referenced above, for the full attributions on these.


- Ray

It ain't that kind: three years on

$
0
0
Hwæt ... (well , Seamus Heaney thought it was a good equivalent to "So ...") ... it's been near enough three years. I was first investigated for metastatic cancer of unknown primary (CUP) in June 2012, and "three months ... to three years" was one of the few explicit figures anyone mentioned along the way. I had a scan yesterday and a solid case review today, and the news is far from good.


It ain't that kind #1 (23 Sep 2012)
It ain't that kind: 18 months on (20 Mar 2014)
It ain't that kind: two years on  (31 Aug 2014)
It ain't that kind: two-and-a-half years on (19 March 2015)

Various new problems, appearing over as little as the past three weeks - such as a suddenly swollen left arm, and a spreading metastatic rash over the left collar-bone - brought me to the hospital on 27th May for a CT scan, and a solid case review the day after.
      These confirmed what I'd have to be stupid or in denial not to know already: that things have finally started rapid escalation (new lung nodules, as well as the obvious stuff I can see). That's one bit of bad news. The other (a strong clinical consensus of the duty consultant oncologist and my regular oncologist) is that third-line 'salvage' chemotherapy would be very unlikely to give any benefit. What's more - in hindsight - they were of the view that the benefits of my two earlier chemo treatments were "modest" - never as radical as I thought at the time. Largely, it seems I owe the two-and-a-half energetic years after diagnosis to having an indolent (i.e. slow-growing) form of CUP in lymph nodes nowhere vital.
      I said even before the case review that I was game for more chemo if it should be clinically judged worth doing, but if not, I wouldn't take offence. The latter is how it is. And even though I can't pretend it's not a major blow to come to the point where the options run out, I'm OK with that part. From now on, we go with symptomatic treatment only (of issues such as cough, inflammation, and pain). It's definitely late game now ... and perhaps very late game.
      I'm not going to alter the tone of JSBlog and soul-search about that. But let's just say I'd so much rather be chilling out with Clare after a long cliff walk, sitting in a sunny tea garden on a clifftop at Shanklin with a visit to my Dad to follow, than sitting here writing on a Vodafone Smart Prime 6 like an updated M. Valdemar from Poe:
He spoke with distinctness—took some palliative medicines without aid—and, when I entered the room, was occupied in penciling memoranda in a pocket-book.
- Ray
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